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The Effects of Military Affiliation, Gender, and Political Ideology on Attitudes toward the Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq

机译：军事隶属关系，性别和政治意识形态对阿富汗和伊拉克战争态度的影响

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摘要

The United States armed-forces-and-society intersection is explored comparing attitudes toward the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan among West Point, Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC), and civilian undergraduates. A survey was administered in January and February 2003 to determine if military affiliation is associated with attitudes toward sending troops into Afghanistan after the war started and Iraq before sending troops. Majorities of all students supported both war efforts, though United States Military Academy at West Point and ROTC cadets are somewhat more supportive of both wars compared to civilian students. However, most differences are explained by students' gender and political affiliation, suggesting that differences between groups result from selection effects rather than cultural differences. The authors contend a fourth wave in civil-military affairs potentially has emerged in the immediate aftermath of 9/11 through a civil-military attitude fusion complicated by a gender-politics gap.
机译：探索了美国武装部队与社会的交叉点，比较了西点军，预备役军官训练团（ROTC）和文职大学生对伊拉克和阿富汗战争的态度。在2003年1月和2003年2月进行了一项调查，以确定军事隶属关系与战争开始后向阿富汗派兵和伊拉克在派遣部队之前派兵的态度有关。所有学生中的大多数人都支持这两种战争，尽管与平民学生相比，美国西点军校和ROTC学员在某种程度上更支持这两种战争。但是，大多数差异是由学生的性别和政治背景来解释的，这表明群体之间的差异是由选择效应而不是文化差异引起的。作者认为，在9/11之后不久，由于军民之间的态度融合以及性别与政治之间的鸿沟，可能在第四波军事战争中出现了。

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