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HVAC Nonlinearity Compensation Using Cascaded Control Architectures

机译：使用级联控制架构的HVAC非线性补偿

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摘要

Buildings consume a large percentage of energy used in the United States, with a significant portion expended on heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning systems. These systems regulate internal environments to provide consistent comfort for optimum productivity. There exists a large opportunity for reduction of energy use and costs associated with HVAC systems without sacrificing comfort. As most HVAC systems are interconnected and highly nonlinear, control of these systems becomes difficult. Traditional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control has documented issues with large sustained oscillations of the actuator known as hunting behavior. A significant body of work has already been generated to explore alternate control algorithms to reduce this problem. This paper uses four case studies to demonstrate the ability of simple cascaded control architectures to compensate for static and dynamic nonlinearities that make up the dominant nonlinear behavior of most HVAC systems. The cascaded loop is highly modular, as it does not require explicit models of system characteristics. The architecture is also easily implementable, as it uses standard PID control loops and often does not require additional sensors. Elimination of hunting behavior not only extends actuator lifespan, but also reduces labor costs associated with identification and retuning of control loops.
机译：在美国，建筑物消耗大量的能源，其中很大一部分用于暖气，通风和空调系统。这些系统调节内部环境，以提供一致的舒适感，以实现最佳生产率。在不牺牲舒适度的情况下，存在着减少与HVAC系统相关的能源使用和成本的巨大机会。由于大多数HVAC系统是相互连接且高度非线性的，因此控制这些系统变得困难。传统的比例积分微分（PID）控制已记录了执行器持续振荡较大的问题，即振荡行为。已经产生了大量工作来探索替代控制算法以减少此问题。本文使用四个案例研究来证明简单的级联控制架构补偿静态和动态非线性的能力，这些非线性构成了大多数HVAC系统的主要非线性行为。级联回路是高度模块化的，因为它不需要明确的系统特性模型。该架构还易于实施，因为它使用标准的PID控制回路，并且通常不需要其他传感器。消除波动现象不仅可以延长执行器的使用寿命，而且可以减少与识别和调整控制回路相关的人工成本。

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  • 来源
    《ASHRAE Transactions》 |2015年第2期|217-231|共15页
  • 作者

    Christopher Price; Shuangshuang Liang; Bryan Rasmussen;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Mechanical Engineering at Texas A&M University, College Station, TX;

    Product Development and Research at Lennox International;

    Department of Mechanical Engineering at Texas A&M University, College Station, TX;

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