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Development of an integrated countermeasure device for use in long-duration spaceflight

机译:研发用于长期航天的集成对策装置

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摘要

Prolonged weightlessness is associated with declines in musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and sensorimotor health. Consequently, in-flight countermeasures are required to preserve astronaut health. We developed and tested a novel exercise countermeasure device (CCD) for use in spaceflight with the aim of preserving musculoskeletal and cardiovascular health along with an incorporated balance training component. Additionally, the CCD features a compact footprint, and a low power requirement. Methods: After design and development of the CCD, we carried out a training study to test its ability to improve cardiovascular and muscular fitness in healthy volunteers. Fourteen male and female subjects (41.4 ± 9.0 years, 69.5 ± 15.4 kg) completed 12 weeks (3 sessions per week) of concurrent strength and endurance training on the CCD. All training was conducted with the subject in orthostasis. When configured for spaceflight, subjects will be fixed to the device via a vest with loop attachments secured to subject load devices. Subjects were tested at baseline and after 12 weeks for 1-repetition max leg press strength (1RM), peak oxygen consumption (VO_(2peak)). and isokinetic joint torque (ISO) at the hip, knee, and ankle. Additionally, we evaluated subjects after 6 weeks of training for changes in VO_(2peak) and 1RM. Results: VO_(2peak) and 1RM improved after 6 weeks, with additional improvements after 12 weeks (1.95 ± 0.5, 2.28 ± 0.5, 2.47 ± 0.6 L min~(-1), and 131.2 ± 63.9,182.8 ± 75.0, 207.0 ± 75.0 kg) for baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks, respectively. ISO for hip adduction, adduction, and ankle plantar flexion improved after 12 weeks of training (70.3 ±39.5, 76.8 ±39.2, and 55.7±21.7 Nm vs. 86.1 ±37.3, 85.1 ± 34.3, and 62.1 ± 26.4 N m, respectively). No changes were observed for ISO during hip flexion, knee extension, or knee flexion. Conclusions: The CCD is effective at improving cardiovascular fitness and isotonic leg strength in healthy adults. Further, the improvement in hip adductor and abductor torque provides support that the CCD may provide additional protection for the preservation of bone health at the hip.
机译:长期失重与肌肉骨骼,心血管和感觉运动健康下降有关。因此,需要采取飞行对策来维护宇航员的健康。我们开发并测试了一种用于太空飞行的新型运动对策设备(CCD),旨在保持肌肉骨骼和心血管健康以及内置的平衡训练组件。此外,CCD具有占地空间小和低功耗的特点。方法:在设计和开发CCD之后,我们进行了一项训练研究,以测试其改善健康志愿者心血管和肌肉健康的能力。十四名男性和女性受试者(41.4±9.0岁,69.5±15.4千克)完成了为期12周(每周3节)的同时进行的CCD力量和耐力训练。所有的训练都是在矫正中对受试者进行的。当配置为航天飞行时,对象将通过背心固定在设备上,背心带有固定在对象负载设备上的环附件。在基线和12周后对受试者进行1次重复最大腿部按压力量(1RM),峰值耗氧量(VO_(2peak))的测试。髋,膝和踝关节的等速关节扭矩(ISO)。此外,我们在训练6周后评估了受试者的VO_(2peak)和1RM的变化。结果:6周后VO_(2peak)和1RM有所改善,12周后又有所改善(1.95±0.5、2.28±0.5、2.47±0.6 L min〜(-1)和131.2±63.9、182.8±75.0、207.0±基线,6周和12周分别为75.0公斤)。训练12周后,髋关节内收,内收和踝plant屈的ISO改善(分别为70.3±39.5、76.8±39.2和55.7±21.7 Nm,分别为86.1±37.3、85.1±34.3和62.1±26.4 Nm) 。髋关节屈曲,膝盖伸展或膝盖屈曲期间未观察到ISO的变化。结论:CCD可有效改善健康成年人的心血管健康状况和等张腿力量。此外,髋关节内收肌和外展肌扭矩的改善提供了支持,即CCD可为髋关节的骨骼健康保持提供额外的保护。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Acta astronautica》 |2011年第12期|p.2029-2037|共9页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California. UCSF Center for Molecular and Functional Imaging, 185 Berry Street, Suite 350,San Francisco, CA 94143-0946, USA;

    Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Room BB1065D/Box 356500, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle,WA 98195. USA;

    Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Room BB1065D/Box 356500, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle,WA 98195. USA;

    Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California. UCSF Center for Molecular and Functional Imaging, 185 Berry Street, Suite 350,San Francisco, CA 94143-0946, USA;

    Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California. UCSF Center for Molecular and Functional Imaging, 185 Berry Street, Suite 350,San Francisco, CA 94143-0946, USA;

    Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California. UCSF Center for Molecular and Functional Imaging, 185 Berry Street, Suite 350,San Francisco, CA 94143-0946, USA,Department of Epidemiology and iBiostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, Box 0560, 185 Berry Street, Suite 5700, San Francisco, CA 94107-1762. USA;

    Division of Nephrology, Medical Director, 12 Moffitt CTSI Clinical Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA. USA;

    ZIN Technologies, 6745 Engle Road, Cleveland, OH 44130, USA;

    ZIN Technologies, 6745 Engle Road, Cleveland, OH 44130, USA;

    Wyle Integrated Science and Engineering. 1290 Hercules Blvd., Houston, TX 77058, USA;

    California State University, Fullerton, Department of Kinesiology 800 N. State College Blvd., KHS 136 Fullerton, CA 92831, USA;

    Neuroscience Laboratories, Human Adaptation and Countermeasures Division, NASA/Johnson Space Center, Mail Code: SK272, Houston, TX 77058, USA;

    Neuroscience Laboratories, Human Adaptation and Countermeasures Division, NASA/Johnson Space Center, Mail Code: SK272, Houston, TX 77058, USA;

    NASA Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Parkway, Bone Mineral Laboratory, Mail Code SK3/272, Houston, TX 77058, USA;

    Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California. UCSF Center for Molecular and Functional Imaging, 185 Berry Street, Suite 350,San Francisco, CA 94143-0946, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    spaceflight; concurrent strength endurance; exercise countermeasure; high-intensity interval training; resistance training;

    机译:航天;并发力量耐力;运动对策;高强度间歇训练;阻力训练;

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