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Interstellar radio links enhanced by exploiting the Sun as a Gravitational Lens

机译：利用太阳作为引力透镜增强了星际无线电链接

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The gravitational lens of the Sun is an astrophysical phenomenon predicted by Einstein's general theory of relativity. It implies that if we can send a probe along any radial direction away from the Sun up to the minimal distance of 550 AU and beyond, the Sun's mass will act as a huge magnifying lens, letting us "see" detailed radio maps of whatever may lie on the other side of the Sun even at very large distances. The recent book by this author (Claudio Maccone, Deep Space Flight and Communications, 414 pages, Praxis-Springer, 2009) describes such future FOCAL space missions to 550 AU and beyond. In this paper, however, we want to study another possibility yet: how to enable the future interstellar radio links between the solar system and any future interstellar probe by utilizing the gravitational lens of the Sun as a huge antenna. In particular, we compare the bit error rate (BER) across interstellar distances with and without using the gravitational lens effect of the Sun. The conclusion is that only when we will exploit the Sun as a gravitational lens we will be able to communicate with our own probes (or with nearby Aliens) across the distances of even the nearest stars to us in the Galaxy and that at a reasonable bit error rate. Furthermore, we study the radio bridge between the Sun and any other Star that is made up by the two gravitational lenses of both the Sun and that Star. The alignment for this radio bridge to work is very strict, but the power saving is enormous, due to the huge contributions of the two stars' lenses to the overall antenna gain of the system. For instance, we study in detail: 1) The Sun-Alpha Cen A radio bridge. 2) The Sun-Barnard's star radio bridge. 3) The Sun-Sirius A radio bridge. 4) The radio bridge between the Sun and any Sun-like star located in the galactic bulge. 5) The radio bridge between the Sun and any Sun-like star located inside the Andromeda galaxy (M 31). The conclusion is that a radio interstellar communications network can indeed be built if the gravitational lenses of all stars involved are exploited. Then, the new question arises: has any advanced civilization already built such a radio telecommunication network? If so, our current and future SETI searches should be tuned-up to match with this newly realized possibility.
机译：太阳的引力透镜是爱因斯坦的广义相对论所预言的天体物理学现象。这意味着，如果我们可以沿任何远离太阳的径向方向发送探针，直到最小距离550 AU，则太阳的质量将充当巨大的放大镜，使我们可以“看到”详细的无线电图，包括可能发生的任何事情。躺在太阳的另一侧，即使距离很远。作者的最新著作（Claudio Maccone，《深空飞行与通讯》，第414页，Praxis-Springer，2009年）描述了这样的未来FOCAL太空飞行任务到550 AU及以后。但是，在本文中，我们还想研究另一种可能性：如何利用太阳的引力透镜作为巨大的天线来启用太阳系与任何未来的星际探测器之间的未来星际无线电链路。特别是，在有和没有使用太阳的引力透镜效应的情况下，我们比较了跨星际距离的误码率（BER）。结论是，只有当我们将太阳作为引力透镜使用时，我们才能够与我们自己的探测器（或与附近的外星人）进行通信，甚至在距离我们银河系中距离我们最近的恒星的距离上进行通信。错误率。此外，我们研究了太阳与任何其他恒星之间的无线电桥，该电桥由太阳和该恒星的两个引力透镜组成。该无线电桥接器的工作对准非常严格，但由于两颗星状透镜对系统总体天线增益的巨大贡献，因此可节省大量电量。例如，我们进行了详细研究：1）太阳阿尔法Cen无线电桥。 2）太阳巴纳德的星空无线电桥。 3）太阳天狼星A无线电桥。 4）太阳与位于银河凸起处的任何类太阳恒星之间的无线电桥。 5）太阳与位于仙女座星系内（M 31）的任何类太阳恒星之间的无线电桥。结论是，如果利用所有相关恒星的引力透镜，确实可以建立一个星际无线电通信网络。然后，出现了一个新问题：是否已经建立了这样的无线电信网络的先进文明？如果是这样，则应调整我们当前和将来的SETI搜索以使其与这种新近实现的可能性相匹配。

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