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The feasibility of deflecting asteroid 2017 PDC using neutral beam propulsion

机译：使用中性光束推进的偏转小行星2017 PDC的可行性

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The neutral beam for asteroid control (NBAC) technology is a globally neutral plasma thruster that seeks to fill the operational gap between high impulse and slow push asteroid deflection methods. Additionally, NBAC can be used to modify both the spin state and trajectory of an asteroid. In this work, we study NBAC's ability to de-spin and/or deflect an asteroid, considering a range of asteroid sizes, asteroid spectral types and assuming the asteroid's orbit is that of the hypothetical asteroid 2017 PDC. The analysis assumes that four NBAC-equipped spacecraft are deployed, each with a 10 keV neutral beam emitter. The achieved deflection and the applicability of NBAC to a deflection campaign is presented. This work quantifies the impact of uncertainty in asteroid composition on propellant and deflection time requirements for NBAC. Assuming one perihelion passage prior to Earth-impact, NBAC can successfully deflect a 100-150 m S, C, B, or Xc-type asteroid on the 2017 PDC trajectory. Loss of a spacecraft during deflection and its effect on mission success is also investigated. Failure of one or two (of the four) NBAC-carrying spacecraft during deflection does not preclude successful deflection for a set of sizes and densities. Propellant usage and time required to fully de-spin representative asteroids are also presented. Additionally, the time required for total de-spin is compared to the time required for partial arrest. Partial arrest of unstable spinners is possible under mission constraints for a range of asteroid sizes and densities. Total arrest can be achieved for less than 60 kg per spacecraft for a four-spacecraft NBAC system.
机译：用于小行星控制（NBAC）技术的中性光束是全局中性等离子体推进器，旨在填补高脉冲和慢推广小行星偏转方法之间的操作差距。另外，NBAC可用于修改小行星的旋转状态和轨迹。在这项工作中，考虑到一系列小行星尺寸，小行星谱类型和假设小行星轨道的轨道，我们研究NBAC的脱旋和/或偏转小行星的能力，以及假设的小行星2017 PDC。分析假设部署了四个NBAC的航天器，每个都有一个10keV中性光束发射器。提出了NBAC对偏转运动的偏转和适用性。这项工作量化了不确定性对小行星组成对NBAC的推进剂和偏转时间要求的影响。假设在接地撞击之前的一个渐变通道，NBAC可以在2017年PDC轨迹上成功地偏转100-150 m S，C，B或XC型小行星。还调查了偏转期间的航天器的损失及其对任务成功的影响。在偏转期间的一个或两个（四个）的NBAC携带的航天器失败并不排除一组尺寸和密度的成功偏转。还提出了完全脱旋代表小行星所需的推进剂使用和时间。另外，将总脱旋所需的时间与部分骤停所需的时间进行比较。在任务限制下，部分逮捕不稳定的旋转器是一系列小行星尺寸和密度的特派约束。对于四个航天器NBAC系统，可以为每种航天器少于60公斤的总逮捕。

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