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Absorbed doses from GCR and albedo particles emitted by the lunar surface

机译:来自GCR和月球表面发射的Albedo颗粒的吸收剂量

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When high energy galactic cosmic ray (GCR) particles collide with the lunar regolith, they eject "albedo" particles from the surface. The albedo particles could be either scattered incident ions, or secondary ions and neutrons produced by the collisions of incident ions with the lunar regolith. In an effort to understand the nature of these albedo particles, we use the MCNP6 transport code to estimate the angular and energy distribution of albedo particles at an altitude of 50 km to calculate the resulting total absorbed dose rates, which are compared with measurements from the Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation (CRaTER) instrument aboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) spacecraft. MCNP6 simulations estimate that the albedo particles account for 19.9% of the total absorbed dose rate. The albedo photons account for 8.81% of the total absorbed dose rate, the highest among albedo species followed by protons (4.97%), electrons (2.47%), positrons (1.89%), neutrons (1.17%), deuterons (0.5%), tritium ions (0.07%), helium-3 ions (0.02%), and alphas (0.01%). In addition, recent studies indicate the presence of hydrogen on the Moon. We simulate a hypothetical lunar regolith enriched with hydrogen to study its effect on the lunar albedo. The results herein show that the proton absorbed dose rate is slightly increased if hydrogen is present in the regolith, which is primarily caused by the increased flux of energetic albedo protons leaving the lunar surface.
机译:当高能银宇宙射线(GCR)颗粒与月球重新旋转碰撞时,它们从表面中弹出“反玻璃”颗粒。 Albedo颗粒可以是散射的入射离子,或通过与月球极限的入射离子的碰撞产生的二次离子和中子。努力了解这些反照颗粒的性质,我们使用MCNP6传输代码来估计50km的Albedo颗粒的角度和能量分布,以计算得到的总吸收剂量率,这与来自的测量相比宇宙射线望远镜用于辐射(火山口)仪器的效果,呼吸月球侦察轨道(LRO)航天器。 MCNP6仿真估计Albedo颗粒占吸收剂量率总量的19.9%。 Albedo Photons占吸收剂剂量率的8.81%,该剂量中的最高物种,其次是质子(4.97%),电子(2.47%),正源(1.89%),中子(1.17%),氘核(0.5%) ,氚离子(0.07%),氦-3离子(0.02%)和α(0.01%)。此外,最近的研究表明月球上存在氢。我们模拟了富含氢的假设的月球凝固,以研究其对月球玻璃卫生的影响。本文的结果表明,如果氢气中存在氢,则质子吸收剂量率略微增加,这主要由留下留下月球表面的能量Albedo质子的增加的通量增加。

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