DISCOVERY OF THE NEAN 158 DAY PERIODICITY IN GROUP SUNSPOT NUMBERS DURING THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY

J. L. BALLESTER; R. OLIVER; F.BAUDIN

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DISCOVERY OF THE NEAN 158 DAY PERIODICITY IN GROUP SUNSPOT NUMBERS DURING THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY

机译：在18世纪的158个太阳黑子周期中的NEAN 158天周期的发现。

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A new record of solar activity, made by compiling the daily number of sunspot groups visible on the Sun's surface between 1610 and 1995, has recently been made available by Hoyt & Schatten. Wavelet analysis of this record shows that an episode of the periodicity near 158 days occurred during the eighteenth century, around the maximum of solar cycle 2, and that episodes of the periodicity, much weaker than that in solar cycle 2, have appeared around the maxima of solar cycles 16-21 (covering the interval 1923-1986). The presence of the periodicity in the group sunspot number confirms that it is caused by a periodic emergence of magnetic flux. On the other hand, periodogram analysis allows one to compare the behavior of the periodicity in both sunspot groups and sunspot areas, and the results suggest that, at least during the twentieth century, the periodic emergence of magnetic flux has adopted two different forms. In solar cycles 16 and 17, new sunspot groups were periodically formed, simultaneously increasing the number of sunspot groups and the total sunspot area on the Sun's surface, while during solar cycles 18, 19, 20, and 21 the periodicity has occurred within already formed sunspot groups, increasing sunspot areas only. We point out that this second type of emergence, which enhances the magnetic complexity of sunspot groups, is responsible for the appearance of the periodicity in high-energy solar flares as detected by the Solar Maximum Mission during solar cycle 21 .

机译：Hoyt＆Schatten最近提供了一个新的太阳活动记录，该记录是通过汇编1610年至1995年之间在太阳表面可见的太阳黑子的每日数目而得出的。对记录的小波分析表明，在18世纪，在太阳周期2的最大值附近发生了约158天的周期性发作，并且在最大值附近出现了比太阳周期2弱得多的周期性发作。太阳周期16-21（覆盖时间间隔1923-1986）。组黑子数中周期性的存在证实了它是由磁通量的周期性出现引起的。另一方面，周期图分析允许人们比较黑子群和黑子区域的周期性行为，结果表明，至少在二十世纪，磁通量的周期性出现采用了两种不同的形式。在太阳周期16和17中，周期性地形成了新的黑子组，同时增加了太阳黑子组的数量和太阳表面上的总黑子面积，而在太阳周期18、19、20和21中，已经形成的周期处于黑子群，仅增加黑子区域。我们指出，第二种类型的出现增加了太阳黑子群的磁复杂性，这是由太阳最大任务在太阳周期21期间检测到的高能太阳耀斑中周期性出现的原因。

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《The Astrophysical journal》 |1999年第2期|153-156|共4页
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J. L. BALLESTER; R. OLIVER; F.BAUDIN;
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DISCOVERY OF THE NEAN 158 DAY PERIODICITY IN GROUP SUNSPOT NUMBERS DURING THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY

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