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RELATIVISTIC SELF-SIMILAR DISKS

机译:相对论自相似盘

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We formulate and solve by semianalytic means the axisymmetric equilibria of relativistic self-similar disks of infinitesimal vertical thickness. These disks are supported in the horizontal directions against their self-gravity by a combination of isothermal (two-dimensional) pressure and a flat rotation curve. The dragging of inertial frames restricts possible solutions to rotation speeds that are always less than 0.438 times the speed of light, a result first obtained by Lynden-Bell & Pineault in 1978 for a cold disk. We show that prograde circular orbits of massive test particles exist and are stable for all of our model disks but that retrograde circular orbits cannot be maintained with particle velocities less than the speed of light once the disk develops an ergoregion. We also compute photon trajectories, planar and non-planar, in the resulting spacetime for disks with and without ergoregions. We find that all photon orbits, except for a set of measure zero, tend to be focused by the gravity of the flattened mass-energy distribution toward the plane of the disk. This result suggests that strongly relativistic, rapidly rotating, compact objects may have difficulty ejecting collimated beams of matter or light along the rotation axes until the flows get well beyond the flattened parts of the relativistic mass distribution (which cannot happen in the self-similar models considered in this paper).
机译:我们用半解析方法来公式化和求解,并且具有极小垂直厚度的相对论自相似盘的轴对称平衡。通过等温(二维)压力和平坦的旋转曲线的组合,这些圆盘在水平方向上抵抗其自重而被支撑。惯性框架的拖动将可能的解决方案限制在始终小于光速0.438倍的旋转速度,这是Lynden-Bell&Pineault于1978年首次获得的冷盘结果。我们表明,存在大量质点的前进圆轨道,并且对于我们所有的模型圆盘都是稳定的,但是一旦圆盘发展到一个人体区域,逆向圆轨道就无法以小于光速的粒子速度来维持。我们还计算了包含和不包含ergoregions的磁盘的时空中平面和非平面的光子轨迹。我们发现,除一组零度量外,所有光子轨道都趋向于被扁平化的质量能分布的重力朝向磁盘平面聚焦。该结果表明,强相对论,快速旋转的紧凑物体可能难以沿旋转轴射出准直的物质或光,直到流动远远超出相对论质量分布的展平部分为止(在自相似模型中不可能发生)在本文中考虑)。

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