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O_2 IN INTERSTELLAR MOLECULAR CLOUDS

机译:O_2在星际分子云中

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We have used the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite (SWAS) to carry out deep integrations on the N_J = 3_3 → 1_2 transition of O_2 in a variety of Galactic molecular clouds. We here report no convincing detection in an initial set of observations of 20 sources. We compare O_2 integrated intensities with those of C~(18)O in a similarly sized beam and obtain 3 σ upper limits for the O_2/C~(18)O abundance ratio ≤ 2.3 in four clouds and ≤ 3.6 in five additional clouds. Our lowest individual limit corresponds to N(O_2)/N(H_2) < 2.6 x 10~(-7) (3 σ). A combination of data from nine sources yields < N(O_2)/N(H_2) > = [0.33 ± 1.6 (3 σ)] x 10~(-7). These low limits, characterizing a variety of clouds in different environments at different Galactocentric radii, indicate that O_2 is not a major constituent of molecular clouds and is not an important coolant. The abundance of O_2 is significantly lower than predicted by steady state single-component chemical models. The present results are best understood in the context of cloud chemical and dynamical models that include the interaction of gas-phase molecules and grain surfaces and/or circulation of material between well-shielded and essentially unshielded regions. This circulation may be powered by turbulence or other driving forces that effectively keep molecular clouds chemically unevolved.
机译:我们已经使用亚毫米波天文学卫星(SWAS)在各种银河分子云中对O_2的N_J = 3_3→1_2跃迁进行了深度积分。我们在这里报告在对20个来源的最初观察中没有令人信服的发现。我们在相似大小的光束中将O_2的集成强度与C〜(18)O的强度进行比较,并获得4个云中O_2 / C〜(18)O丰度比≤2.3和另外五个云中≤3.6的3σ上限。我们的最低个人限制对应于N(O_2)/ N(H_2)<2.6 x 10〜(-7)(3σ)。来自九个来源的数据组合得出 = [0.33±1.6(3σ)] x 10〜(-7)。这些低限表征了不同环境中不同Galactocentric半径下的各种云,这表明O_2不是分子云的主要成分,也不是重要的冷却剂。 O_2的丰度明显低于稳态单组分化学模型的预测值。在云化学和动力学模型的上下文中,可以最好地理解本结果,该模型包括气相分子与晶粒表面的相互作用和/或良好屏蔽和基本未屏蔽区域之间的材料循环。这种循环可以由湍流或其他驱动力提供动力,这些湍流或其他驱动力可以有效地保持分子云化学上不进化。

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