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AN EXCESS DUE TO SMALL GRAINS AROUND THE NEARBY KO V STAR HD 69830: ASTEROID OR COMETARY DEBRIS?

机译:由于KO V STAR HD 69830附近的小颗粒过多,是星体还是彗星碎片?

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Spitzer photometry and spectroscopy of the star HD 69830 reveal an excess of emission relative to the stellar photosphere between 8 and 35 μm dominated by strong features attributable to crystalline silicates with an emitting surface area more than 1000 times that of our zodiacal cloud. The spectrum closely resembles that of the comet C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp). Since no excess is detected at 70 μm, the emitting material must be quite warm, be confined within a few AU of the star, and originate in grains with low, long-wavelength emissivity, i.e., grains much smaller than 70 μm/2π~10 μm. The strong mineralogical features are evidence for even smaller, possibly submicron-sized grains. This small grain size is in direct contrast to the 10-100 μm grains that dominate the relatively featureless spectra of our zodiacal dust cloud and most other main-sequence stars with excesses. The upper limit at 70 μm also implies that any Kuiper Belt analog must be either very cold or less massive than ~5 times our own Kuiper Belt. With collisional and Poynting-Robertson drag times of less than 1000 yr for small grains, the emitting material must either (1) be created through continual grinding down of material in a dense asteroid belt, or (2) originate in com-etary debris arising from either a single "supercomet" or a very large number of individual comets arriving from a distant reservoir. In the case of a cometary origin for the emission, the mass requirements for continuous generation by many individual comets are unreasonable, and we favor the capture of a single super comet into a 0.5-1 AU orbit, where it can evolve a large number of small grains over a 2 Myr period.
机译:HD 69830星的Spitzer光度法和光谱法显示,相对于8至35μm的恒星光球而言,有过量的发射,其主要特征是晶体硅酸盐具有强的特征,其发射表面积是黄道云的1000倍以上。光谱非常类似于C / 1995 O1(Hale-Bopp)彗星的光谱。由于在70μm处未检测到过量,因此发射材料必须相当热,被限制在恒星的几个AU内,并且起源于长波发射率低的晶粒,即远小于70μm/2π〜的晶粒。 10微米强大的矿物学特征证明甚至更小,可能为亚微米级的晶粒。如此小的晶粒尺寸直接与10-100μm的晶粒形成鲜明对比,后者占据了我们的黄道尘埃云和大多数其他主序恒星的相对无特征的光谱中,而这些恒星具有过量。上限为70μm,也意味着任何柯伊伯带模拟物必须非常冷或质量小于我们自己的柯伊伯带的约5倍。对于小颗粒,碰撞和Poynting-Robertson拖曳时间少于1000年,发射材料必须(1)通过在致密的小行星带中不断磨碎材料来产生,或(2)源于产生的彗星碎屑来自单个“超级彗星”或来自遥远水库的大量单个彗星。对于发射的彗星起源来说,许多单个彗星连续产生的质量要求是不合理的,我们赞成将单个超级彗星捕获到0.5-1 AU轨道中,在那里它可以进化出许多2 Myr期间内的小颗粒。

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