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首页> 外文期刊>Atlantic economic journal >Overweight Adolescents and On-time High School Graduation: Racial and Gender Disparities
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Overweight Adolescents and On-time High School Graduation: Racial and Gender Disparities

机译：超重的青少年和准时的高中毕业：种族和性别差异

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Obesity among U.S. adolescents ages 12-19 rose from 4.6% in 1963-1965 to 17.4% in 2003-2004. This paper contributes to the literature on the impact of unhealthy body mass index (BMI) on health (e.g., obesity) and human capital (e.g., schooling) investments of adolescents. We use the propensity score method to study 8,388 individuals who responded to survey Waves I through III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), for students in grades 7-12. We estimate an economic model that captures longer-term effects of BMI categories (obesity and overweight separately) on on-time (dichotomous) high school graduation. We control for characteristics at the individual, household, and community levels. Baseline probit regression estimates were improved upon by using matching estimators (propensity scores yield consistent estimate of the average treatment on the treated) based on the nearest neighbor and the more robust kernel density weighting schemes. Results from both full and reduced models suggest no adverse impact of overweight or obesity on timely high school completion for males, but a significant average negative effect onrnfemales. Investigating disparities in effects across both gender and race, we isolate the adverse effects primarily to white and Asian females. No significant effects were found for African-Americans. One of the novel contributions of our research is that the significant effects of gender- and race- specific adolescent obesity and overweight conditions reach beyond high school GPA standing to also impact on-time high school graduation status.
机译：美国12至19岁青少年之间的肥胖率从1963-1965年的4.6％上升到2003-2004年的17.4％。本文为不健康体重指数（BMI）对青少年的健康（例如，肥胖症）和人力资本（例如，就学）投资的影响做出了贡献。我们使用倾向评分法研究了7388年级的8388个人，这些人对《全国青少年健康纵向研究（补充健康）第一至第三次调查》做出了回应。我们估计了一种经济模型，该模型可以捕获BMI类别（分别是肥胖和超重）对按时（二分式）高中毕业的长期影响。我们控制个人，家庭和社区各级的特征。通过使用基于最近邻居和更可靠的内核密度加权方案的匹配估计量（倾向评分可得出对所治疗平均治疗的一致估计），可以改善基线概率回归估计。完全模型和简化模型的结果均表明，超重或肥胖对男性及时完成高中毕业没有不利影响，但对男性有明显的平均负面影响。为了研究性别和种族之间的差异，我们将主要针对白人和亚裔女性的不利影响隔离开来。没有发现对非洲裔美国人有重大影响。我们研究的新颖贡献之一是，针对性别和种族的青少年肥胖和超重状况所产生的重大影响超出了高中GPA的标准，也影响了准时高中毕业状态。

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