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Monitoring on-road air quality and measuring vehicle emissions with remote sensing in an urban area

机译：在市区内监测道路空气质量并通过遥感测量车辆排放

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Simultaneous day-time measurement (8 a.m.-5 p.m.) of on-road air quality and emissions (remote sensing) on an urban road with traffic volumes varying between approximately 400-800 vehicles per hour and an average speed of about 40 km/h has been used to compare multiple measurement techniques and assess on-road air quality. It was found that observed daytime concentration levels of CO, NOx, NO2, O-3, PM10 and PM2.5 are below current WHO health based guideline values, varying from a few percent (CO) to above 60% (O-3 and PM2.5) of the guideline values. NO2 to NOx ratios were about a factor of two higher than measured in a previous tunnel study, which indicates that about half of measured NO2 concentrations are due to urban background levels. Statistical analysis suggest that on-road NO2 and ozone concentrations are largely driven by atmospheric chemistry processes, and not significantly affected by variation in local traffic volume and fleet mix. A significant positive weighted correlation (r = 0.71-0.74) between remote sensing and air concentration monitoring is observed for CO in calm conditions. Speciated VOC measurements on the road show large discrepancies with current COPERT (Australia) vehicle emission factors, confirming the results from an earlier tunnel study. The weight of evidence suggests that the current (EU based) VOC speciation in COPERT Australia is likely not appropriate for the Australian on-road fleet.
机译：在城市道路上同时进行白天空气流量和排放（遥感）的白天测量（上午8点至下午5点），交通量在每小时约400-800辆车辆之间变化，平均速度约为40 km / h已用于比较多种测量技术并评估道路空气质量。结果发现，白天观察到的CO，NOx，NO2，O-3，PM10和PM2.5的浓度水平低于当前WHO的基于健康的准则值，从百分之几（CO）到高于60％（O-3和指南值）。与以前的隧道研究相比，NO2与NOx的比率高出约两倍，这表明所测量的NO2浓度中约有一半是由于城市背景水平造成的。统计分析表明，道路上的NO2和臭氧浓度很大程度上受大气化学过程的驱动，而不受本地交通量和车队组成变化的显着影响。在平静的条件下，观测到的CO与遥感和空气浓度监测之间存在显着的正加权相关（r = 0.71-0.74）。道路上指定的VOC测量值与当前COPERT（澳大利亚）车辆排放因子存在较大差异，从而证实了较早的隧道研究的结果。有充分的证据表明，COPERT Australia当前（基于欧盟）的VOC形态可能不适合澳大利亚的公路车队。

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