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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric environment >Age-specific seasonal associations between acute exposure to PM_(2.5) sources and cardiorespiratory hospital admissions in California
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Age-specific seasonal associations between acute exposure to PM_(2.5) sources and cardiorespiratory hospital admissions in California

机译：急性暴露于PM_（2.5）源与加利福尼亚州心肺医院住院之间特定年龄的季节性关联

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Numerous studies have explored the relationships between short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and morbidity. However, few studies have investigated which PM2.5 sources and constituents contribute to the health associations, and even fewer studies are available which explored age or seasonal effect modification for the associations between PM(2.5 )sources and health. We explored age-specific associations between short-term exposure to PM2.5 chemical constituents and its sources, and hospital admissions in California. We linked hospital admission data (n = 1,679,094) with PM2.5 chemical constituents and source apportionment data for eight sites in California for the period of 2002-2009. Site-specific source apportionment was conducted using Positive Matrix Factorization, and five PM2.5 sources were commonly identified in most sites (biomass burning, soil, secondary ammonium nitrate, secondary ammonium sulfate, and vehicular emissions). Age-stratified Poisson time-series regression was conducted for each site, and the health risk estimates were combined to generate overall age-specific associations with cardiovascular- and respiratory-related hospital admissions. We further conducted seasonal interaction models to assess seasonal effect modification. An interquartile range increase in PM2.5 vehicular emissions was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular-related hospital admission at lag 0 (1.32% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.16, 2.49]) for elderly people (>= 65 years old). Exposure to PM2.5 vehicular emissions increased the risk of respiratory-related hospitalizations at lag 2 (3.58% [95% CI: 0.90, 6.33)) for children (0-18 years old). Risk estimates of PM2.5 total mass, vehicular emissions, and its related constituents (e.g., iron) for respiratory admissions were higher in the warm season among children. Heterogeneous seasonal estimates were not observed for other age groups. Our results suggest that short-term exposures to several PM2.5 sources and their related constituents are more harmful than exposures to other pollutants, particularly for children in summer. Identifying toxic sources is important for developing effective interventions and protecting susceptible populations.
机译：许多研究探索了短期接触细颗粒物（PM2.5）与发病率之间的关系。但是，很少有研究调查哪些PM2.5来源和成分促成健康关联，甚至更少的研究探讨了PM（2.5）来源与健康之间关联的年龄或季节效应修正。我们探讨了短期暴露于PM2.5化学成分及其来源与加利福尼亚州住院情况之间的年龄差异。我们将2002-2009年期间加利福尼亚州8个站点的入院数据（n = 1,679,094）与PM2.5化学成分和来源分配数据相关联。使用正矩阵分解进行了特定地点的源分配，并且在大多数地点（生物质燃烧，土壤，二次硝酸铵，二次硫酸铵和车辆排放物）通常确定了五个PM2.5来源。在每个地点进行了年龄分层的泊松时间序列回归，并结合了健康风险估计值，以生成与心血管和呼吸系统相关的住院人数相关的总体年龄相关性。我们进一步进行了季节性交互作用模型，以评估季节性影响的修正。 PM2.5车辆排放的四分位数范围增加与老年人（> = 65岁）的滞后0（1.32％[95％置信区间（CI）：0.16，2.49]）滞后于心血管相关的住院风险增加）。暴露于PM2.5车辆排放物的儿童（0-18岁）在滞后2（3.58％[95％CI：0.90，6.33））增加了呼吸相关住院的风险。在温暖的季节，儿童中PM2.5总质量，车辆排放物及其相关成分（例如铁）的呼吸风险估计更高。没有观察到其他年龄段的异构季节估计。我们的结果表明，短期暴露于几种PM2.5来源及其相关成分比暴露于其他污染物更具危害性，尤其是对于夏季儿童而言。确定有毒来源对于制定有效的干预措施和保护易感人群很重要。

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