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Source sector and region contributions to concentration and direct radiative forcing of black carbon in China

机译：源部门和地区对中国黑碳浓度和直接辐射强迫的贡献

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摘要

We quantify the contributions from five domestic emission sectors (residential, industry, transportation, energy, and biomass burning) and emissions outside of China (non-China) to concentration and direct radiative forcing (DRF) of black carbon (BC) in China for year 2010 using a nested-grid version of the global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) coupled with a radiative transfer model. The Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (HTAP) anthropogenic emissions of BC for year 2010 are used in this study. Simulated surface-layer BC concentrations in China have strong seasonal variations, which exceed 9 mu g m(-3) in winter and are about 1-5 mu g m(-3) in summer in the North China Plain and the Sichuan Basin. Residential sector is simulated to have the largest contribution to surface BC concentrations, by 5 -7 mu g m(-3) in winter and by 1-3 mu g m(-3) in summer, reflecting the large emissions from winter heating and the enhanced wet deposition during summer monsoon. The contribution from industry sector is the second largest and shows relatively small seasonal variations; the emissions from industry sector contribute 1-3 mu g m(-3) to BC concentrations in the North China Plain and the Sichuan Basin. The contribution from transportation sector is the third largest, followed by that from biomass burning and energy sectors. The non-China emissions mainly influence the surface-layer concentrations of BC in western China; about 70% of surface-layer BC concentration in the Tibet Plateau is attributed to transboundary transport. Averaged over all of China, the all-sky DRF of BC at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) is simulated to be 1.22 W m(-2). Sensitivity simulations show that the TOA BC direct radiative forcings from the five domestic emission sectors of residential, industry, energy, transportation, biomass burning, and non-China emissions are 0.44, 0.27, 0.01, 0.12, 0.04, and 030 W m(-2), respectively. The domestic and non-China emissions contribute 75% and 25% to BC DRF in China, respectively. These results have important implications for taking measures to reduce BC emissions to mitigate near-term climate warming and to improve air quality in China. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
机译：我们量化了五个国内排放部门（住宅，工业，交通，能源和生物质燃烧）和中国境外（非中国）的排放对中国黑碳（BC）的浓度和直接辐射强迫（DRF）的贡献。 2010年，使用了全球化学品运输模型（GEOS-Chem）的嵌套网格版本以及辐射转移模型。本研究使用了2010年不列颠哥伦比亚的人为排放的半球空气污染（HTAP）人为排放。在中国，模拟的表层BC浓度具有强烈的季节变化，在华北平原和四川盆地，冬季超过9μg m（-3），夏季大约为1-5μg m（-3）。据模拟，住宅部门对地表BC浓度的贡献最大，冬季为5 -7μgm（-3），夏季为1-3μgm（-3），这反映了冬季取暖和排放量增加带来的大量排放夏季季风期间湿沉降。工业部门的贡献是第二大的，并且季节性变化相对较小；工业部门的排放量为华北平原和四川盆地的BC浓度贡献了1-3μg m（-3）。运输部门的贡献是第三大，其次是生物质燃烧和能源部门。非中国排放物主要影响中国西部BC的表层浓度。在青藏高原，约70％的表层BC浓度归因于跨界运输。在整个中国地区的平均水平，BC在大气层顶部（TOA）的全天DRF模拟为1.22 W m（-2）。灵敏度模拟显示，来自住宅，工业，能源，交通，生物质燃烧和非中国排放的五个国内排放部门的TOA BC直接辐射强迫分别为0.44、0.27、0.01、0.12、0.04和030 W m（- 2）。在中国，国内和非中国的排放量分别对不列颠哥伦比亚省DRF贡献了75％和25％。这些结果对于采取措施减少不列颠哥伦比亚省的排放量，减轻近期气候变暖和改善中国的空气质量具有重要意义。 （C）2015作者。由Elsevier Ltd.发布

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  • 来源
    《Atmospheric environment》 |2016年第janaptab期|351-366|共16页
  • 作者

    Li Ke; Liao Hong; Mao Yuhao; Ridley David A.;

  • 作者单位

    Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Atmospher Boundary Layer Phys & Atm, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China|Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Atmospher Boundary Layer Phys & Atm, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Atmospher Boundary Layer Phys & Atm, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China;

    MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Black carbon; Direct radiative forcing; Sector contribution; Transboundary transport;

    机译：黑炭;直接辐射强迫;行业贡献;跨界运输;

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