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The vertical distribution of PM2.5 and boundary-layer structure during summer haze in Beijing

机译：北京夏季雾霾中PM2.5的垂直分布及边界层结构

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摘要

Between August 1, 2009, and August 16, 2009, physical observations of the atmospheric boundary layer and synchronous vertical observations of atmospheric particles were conducted from the Beijing 325 m meteorological tower, where the particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM_(2.5)) analysis meters were stationed at a three-floor platform with altitudes of 8 m, 120 m and 280 m, respectively. Meanwhile, the atmospheric temperatures, relative humidity, wind speeds and wind directions between 8 m and 320 m were observed online at 15 different altitude intervals. The backscattering coefficient of aerosols in the boundary-layer atmosphere within 2.5 km height was also observed using a back-scattered laser ceilometer. The observations showed that the PM_2.5 pollution in the atmosphere from the ground up to 280 m in Beijing was quite high on August 2009, with a maximum of 200 ug m~3. Within 280 m, the vertical distribution of PM_2.5 was inhomogeneous, with a maximum difference of up to 116 μg m~(-3) between levels in the night residual layer and at the ground. The high concentration of particles in the residual layer reached the ground by the next morning through convection, thus becoming severe pollutants. The PM_2.5 in the near-surface layer was directly related to the reduction of ultra-violet radiation (UV), with a correlation coefficient of -0.57. Under steady weather conditions, the topographic mountain-valley breezes in Beijing superposed the land-sea breezes, resulting in a specific breath-like diurnal variation in wind direction. As a result, the PM_2.5 mixed and increased in the regional area, leading to serious dust-haze pollution. Within 320 m of the boundary layer, the vertical distributions of temperature, humidity, wind speed and wind direction were inhomogeneous, and these patterns were the major factors influencing the distribution and variation of PM_2.5 concentration. Under steady weather conditions, the reverse distribution of relative humidity became more significant, while the low temperatures at higher altitudes facilitated the formation of organic aerosols. Sometimes, the PM_2.5 levels increased due to long-range transmission of smoke plume into the residual layer. By the synchronous effect of these factors, the moisture absorption of PM_2.5 in the upper layer increased, at times resulting in a "higher-top and lower-bottom" pattern of the PM_2.5 distribution.
机译：在2009年8月1日至2009年8月16日之间，从北京325 m气象塔进行了大气边界层的物理观测和大气颗粒的同步垂直观测，其中直径小于等于2.5μm的颗粒物（PM_ （2.5））分析仪位于三层平台上，高度分别为8 m，120 m和280 m。同时，在15个不同的高度间隔在线观察了8 m至320 m之间的大气温度，相对湿度，风速和风向。还使用背散射激光云高仪观察了在2.5 km高度以内的边界层大气中气溶胶的背散射系数。观测表明，2009年8月北京从地面到280 m大气中的PM_2.5污染非常高，最大为200 ug m〜3。在280 m范围内，PM_2.5的垂直分布不均匀，夜间残留层和地面之间的最大差值高达116μgm〜（-3）。残留层中的高浓度颗粒在第二天早晨通过对流到达地面，从而成为严重的污染物。近表层中的PM_2.5与紫外线（UV）的减少直接相关，相关系数为-0.57。在稳定的天气条件下，北京的地形山谷微风与陆海微风叠加，导致风向出现特定的呼吸状昼夜变化。结果，PM_2.5在该地区混合并增加，导致严重的粉尘霾污染。在边界层320 m以内，温度，湿度，风速和风向的垂直分布是不均匀的，这些模式是影响PM_2.5浓度分布和变化的主要因素。在稳定的天气条件下，相对湿度的反向分布变得更加明显，而较高海拔的低温则促进了有机气溶胶的形成。有时，由于烟羽向残余层的远距离传播，PM_2.5含量增加。通过这些因素的同步影响，上层PM_2.5的吸湿率增加，有时会导致PM_2.5分布呈“上下左右”的格局。

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  • 来源
    《Atmospheric environment》 |2013年第8期|413-421|共9页
  • 作者

    Yang Sun; Tao Song; Guiqian Tang; Yuesi Wang;

  • 作者单位

    State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;

    State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;

    State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;

    State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Profile; PM_2.5; Residue layer; Aerosol-backscattering coefficient; Haze;

    机译：轮廓;PM_2.5;残渣层;气溶胶反向散射系数;阴霾;

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