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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric environment >Transcontinental methane measurements: Part 2. Mobile surface investigation of fossil fuel industrial fugitive emissions
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Transcontinental methane measurements: Part 2. Mobile surface investigation of fossil fuel industrial fugitive emissions

机译：跨洲甲烷测量：第2部分。化石燃料工业逃逸排放的移动表面调查

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The potent greenhouse gas, methane, CH_4, has a wide variety of anthropogenic and natural sources. Fall, continental-scale (Florida to California) surface CH_4 data were collected to investigate the importance of fossil fuel industrial (FFI) emissions in the South US. A total of 6600 measurements along 7020-km of roadways were made by flame ion detection gas chromatography onboard a nearly continuously moving recreational vehicle in 2010. A second, winter survey in Southern California measured CH_4 at 2 Hz with a cavity ring-down spectrometer in 2012. Data revealed strong and persistent FFI CH_4 sources associated with refining, oil/gas production, a presumed major pipeline leak, and a coal loading plant. Nocturnal CH_4 mixing ratios tended to be higher than daytime values for similar sources, sometimes significantly, which was attributed to dayight meteorological differences, primarily changes in the boundary layer height. The highest CH_4 mixing ratio (39 ppm) was observed near the Kern River Oil Field, California, which uses steam reinjection. FFI CH_4 plume signatures were distinguished as stronger than other sources on local scales. On large (4°) scales, the CH_4 trend was better matched spatially with FFI activity than wetland spatial patterns. Qualitative comparison of surface data with SCIAMACHY and GOSAT satellite retrievals showed agreement of the large-scale CH_4 spatial patterns. Comparison with inventory models and seasonal winds suggests for some seasons and some portions of the Gulf of Mexico a non-negligible underestimation of FFI emissions. For other seasons and locations, qualitative interpretation is not feasible. Unambiguous quantitative source attribution is more complex, requiring transport modeling.
机译：潜在的温室气体甲烷CH_4具有多种人为和自然来源。秋季，收集了大陆规模（从佛罗里达到加利福尼亚）的CH_4数据，以调查美国南部化石燃料工业（FFI）排放的重要性。 2010年，在几乎连续行驶的休闲车上，通过火焰离子检测气相色谱对沿7020公里的道路进行了总共6600次测量。在南加州的第二次冬季调查中，使用腔衰荡光谱仪在2 Hz处测量了CH_4。 2012年。数据显示，与炼油，石油/天然气生产，假定的主要管道泄漏和装煤厂相关的强大而持久的FFI CH_4来源。夜间CH_4的混合比往往比相似来源的白天值高，有时甚至高，这归因于白天/夜晚的气象差异，主要是边界层高度的变化。在使用蒸汽注入的加利福尼亚州克恩河油田附近，观察到最高的CH_4混合比（39 ppm）。 FFI CH_4羽状签名在本地规模上被认为比其他来源更强。在大尺度（4°）上，CH_4趋势与FFI活动在空间上的匹配比湿地空间模式更好。利用SCIAMACHY和GOSAT卫星反演对地表数据进行定性比较表明，大型CH_4空间格局是一致的。与库存模型和季节性风的比较表明，在墨西哥湾的某些季节和某些地区，FFI排放的低估是不可忽略的。对于其他季节和位置，定性解释是不可行的。明确的定量来源归因更加复杂，需要进行运输建模。

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