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Impact of ventilation scenario on air exchange rates and on indoor particle number concentrations in an air-conditioned classroom

机译：空调教室中通风情况对空气交换率和室内颗粒物浓度的影响

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A 2-week intensive measurement campaign of indoor and outdoor air pollution was carried out in September 2006, in a primary school to investigate indoor-outdoor correlations of particle number (PN) concentrations, and the impact of air exchange rate (ACH) on the indoor PN concentration. The ACHs in the classroom for different conditions associated with window opening and the operational status of air conditioners (A/C) and fans were tested. As expected, the lowest ACH (0.12h~(-1)) was found when the windows were closed and A/C and fans were off. In contrast, the highest ACH (7.92h~(-1)) was observed when the windows were opened and A/C and fans were all on. The analysis of the PN I/O ratios at different ACHs in the absence of indoor sources indicates that the mean I/O ratio was 0.621+0.007 (mean + 95% confidence interval) when the windows were closed, and A/C and fans were off; 0.524 + 0.023 when windows were closed, fans were off and A/C was on; and 0.502 + 0.029 when windows were closed, A/C was off and fans were on. To further understand the relationship between indoor and outdoor PN concentrations, the impact of outdoor PN concentration on I/O ratios at different ACHs was investigated. It was found that the relationship between outdoor PN concentration and the I/O ratio at different ACHs followed a power trendline with an equation of I/O ratio = A PN_(out)~(-b) (A and b are coefficients, PN_(out) is outdoor PN concentration), suggesting that the penetration efficiency decreased with increasing outdoor PN concentration. It is the first time we found that when the outdoor PN concentration increased there was an associated increase in the concentration of nano-particles, which have been demonstrated to have higher deposition rates and lower penetration efficiencies. Based on the above equation, the study also showed a significant effect of ACH on indoor PN concentrations under stable outdoor PN concentrations. In general, the higher the ACH was, the lower the indoor PN concentration was.
机译：2006年9月，在一家小学开展了为期2周的室内和室外空气污染密集测量活动，以调查室内室外颗粒物浓度（PN）浓度的相关性以及空气交换率（ACH）对空气污染的影响。室内PN浓度。测试了教室中与开窗相关的各种条件以及空调（A / C）和风扇的运行状态下的ACH。不出所料，当关闭窗户并关闭空调和风扇时，发现最低的ACH（0.12h〜（-1））。相反，当打开窗户，空调和风扇都打开时，观察到最高的ACH（7.92h〜（-1））。在没有室内光源的情况下，对不同ACH情况下的PN I / O比的分析表明，关闭窗户，空调和风扇后，平均I / O比为0.621 + 0.007（平均值+ 95％置信区间）下线;窗户关闭，风扇关闭且空调开启时，为0.524 + 0.023；当窗户关闭，空调关闭且风扇开启时为0.502 + 0.029。为了进一步了解室内和室外PN浓度之间的关系，研究了室外PN浓度对不同ACH处I / O比的影响。发现不同ACH处的室外PN浓度与I / O比之间的关系遵循一条带有I / O比= A PN_（out）〜（-b）的方程的功率趋势线（A和b为系数PN_ （out）是室外PN浓度），表明渗透效率随室外PN浓度的增加而降低。这是我们首次发现，当室外PN浓度增加时，纳米粒子的浓度也随之增加，这已被证明具有更高的沉积速率和更低的穿透效率。基于上述等式，研究还显示了在稳定室外PN浓度下ACH对室内PN浓度的显着影响。通常，ACH越高，室内PN浓度越低。

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