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A methodology for modelling and measuring traffic and emission performance of speed control traffic signals

机译：用于建模和测量速度控制交通信号的交通和排放性能的方法

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摘要

In an attempt to control speeds and reduce crashes, traffic signals are being installed at several locations on highways to serve as speed reduction devices. One concern about this type of signals is that while they may be effective in reducing high speed crashes, they not only stop traffic that is exceeding the speed limit, but other traffic on the approach that is not. As a result, vehicle emissions are likely to increase, because of the existence of excessive delays, queue formation and speed change cycles for approaching traffic. An approach, based on experimental measurements and on modelling traffic and emission performance of speed control traffic signals, is presented here in order to explain the interaction between the signal control variables (for example minimum signal settings, speed threshold setting and minimum green call scenarios) and environmental and traffic: performance variables, in particular, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and hydrocarbons emissions and delay. The experimental data for validation were gathered on Highway N6, connecting the cities of Lisbon and Cascais, in Portugal. The main conclusions of the present research are that, for traffic flow values corresponding to 50% of the road capacity estimate for a traffic signal approach, 85% of the speed violators are effectively stopped, while the fraction of vehicles unfairly stopped reaches 30%. Concerning emissions the presence of signals leads to an increase in CO emissions of about 15%, while NO and HC emissions increase by 10% and 40%, respectively. It was also concluded that the control of speed violators increases with traffic flow. As a trade-off, overall traffic delay will also increase as well as the number of vehicles that are unfairly stopped. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：为了控制速度并减少撞车事故，交通信号灯正在高速公路上的多个位置安装，以用作减速装置。对此类信号的一个担忧是，尽管它们可能会有效减少高速崩溃，但它们不仅会阻止超出速度限制的流量，还会阻止未达到速度限制的其他流量。结果，由于存在过多的延迟，排队形成和接近交通的速度变化周期，车辆排放可能会增加。为了说明信号控制变量（例如最小信号设置，速度阈值设置和最小绿色通话场景）之间的相互作用，此处提出了一种基于实验测量以及对速度控制交通信号的交通和发射性能进行建模的方法。环境与交通：性能变量，尤其是一氧化碳，一氧化氮和碳氢化合物的排放和延迟。用于验证的实验数据收集在连接葡萄牙里斯本和卡斯凯什市的N6高速公路上。本研究的主要结论是，对于相当于交通信号量道路通行能力估计的50％的交通流量值，有效地阻止了85％的速度违规者，而不公平阻止的车辆比例达到了30％。关于排放，信号的存在导致CO排放增加约15％，而NO和HC排放分别增加10％和40％。还得出结论，对速度违反者的控制随着交通流量的增加而增加。作为权衡，总的交通延误以及不正当停车的车辆数量也会增加。 ＆复制; 2005 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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