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An electrified dust storm over the Negev desert, Israel

机译：以色列内盖夫沙漠上空的一场沙尘暴

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We report on atmospheric electrical measurements conducted at the Wise Observatory in Mitzpe-Ramon, Israel (30 degrees 35'N, 34 degrees 45'E) during a large dust storm that occurred over the Eastern Mediterranean region on 10-11 February 2015. The dust was transported from the Sahara, Egypt and the Sinai Peninsula ahead of an approaching Cyprus low. Satellite images show the dust plume covering the Negev desert and Southern Israel and moving north. The concentrations of PM10 particles measured by the air-quality monitoring network of the Israeli Ministry of the Environment in Beer-Sheba reached values >450 mu g m(-3) and the AOT from the AERONET station in Sde-Boker was 1.5 on February 10th. The gradual intensification of the event reached peak concentrations on February 11th of over 1200 mu g m(-3) and an AOT of 1.8. Continuous measurements of the fair weather vertical electric field (Ez) and vertical current density (Jz) were conducted at the Wise Observatory with 1 minute temporal resolution. Meteorological data was also recorded at the site. As the dust was advected over the observatory, very large fluctuations in the electrical parameters were registered. From the onset of the dust storm, the Ez values changed between + 1000 and + 8000 V m(-1) while the current density fluctuated between -10 pA m(2) and +20 pA m(2), both on time-scales of a few minutes. These values are significant departures from the average fair-weather values measured at the site, which are similar to-200 V m(-1) and similar to 2 pA m(2). The disturbed episodes lasted for several hours on February 10th and the 11th and coincided with local meteorological conditions related to the wind speed and direction, which carried large amounts of dust particles over our observation station. We interpret the rapid changes as caused by the transport of electrically charged dust, carrying an excess of negative charge at lower altitudes. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：我们报告了在2015年2月10日至11日发生在东部地中海地区的一场大沙尘暴期间，在以色列米兹佩-拉蒙（30°N，34°45'E）的Wise天文台进行的大气电测量。沙尘暴从撒哈拉沙漠，埃及和西奈半岛运来，随后接近塞浦路斯的低谷。卫星图像显示了覆盖内盖夫沙漠和以色列南部并向北移动的尘埃羽。以色列环境部空气质量监测网络在比尔谢巴的PM10颗粒浓度达到> 450μgm（-3），Sde-Boker的AERONET站的AOT在2月10日为1.5 。事件的逐渐加剧在2月11日达到峰值浓度，超过1200μg m（-3），AOT为1.8。在Wise天文台以1分钟的时间分辨率连续测量了晴天的垂直电场（Ez）和垂直电流密度（Jz）。现场还记录了气象数据。当尘埃在天文台上方平流时，记录到电参数的很大波动。从沙尘暴开始，Ez值在+ 1000和+ 8000 V m（-1）之间变化，而电流密度在-10 pA m（2）和+20 pA m（2）之间波动。几分钟的秤。这些值与现场测得的平均晴天值有很大出入，类似于-200 V m（-1）和2 pA m（2）。受干扰的事件在2月10日和11日持续了几个小时，并且与与风速和风向有关的当地气象条件相吻合，这些气象条件在我们的观测站上运送了许多尘埃颗粒。我们将快速变化解释为由带电粉尘的运输引起的，在较低的海拔高度会携带过量的负电荷。 （C）2016 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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