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Bias correction of estimated proportions using inverse binomial group testing

机译:使用逆二项式群检验校正估计比例的偏差

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摘要

Group testing, in which individuals are pooled together and tested as a group, can be combined with inverse sampling to estimate the prevalence of a disease. Alternatives to the MLE are desirable because of its severe bias. We propose an estimator based on the bias correction method of Firth (1993), which is almost unbiased across the range of prevalences consistent with the group testing design. For equal group sizes, this estimator is shown to be equivalent to that derived by applying the correction method of Burrows (1987), and better than existing methods. For unequal group sizes, the problem has some intractable elements, but under some circumstances our proposed estimator can be found, and we show it to be almost unbiased. Calculation of the bias requires computer-intensive approximation because of the infinite number of possible outcomes.Estimation of proportions by group testing with inverse sampling results in a very biased MLE, but it can be substantially corrected using Firth's method.
机译:可以将个人聚集在一起并作为一个组进行测试的组测试可以与反向采样相结合,以估计疾病的患病率。由于MLE存在严重偏差,因此需要替代MLE。我们提出了一种基于Firth(1993)的偏差校正方法的估计器,该估计器在与组测试设计一致的患病率范围内几乎没有偏见。对于相同的群体规模,该估计值与通过应用Burrows(1987)的校正方法得出的估计值等效,并且优于现有方法。对于不相等的组大小,该问题具有一些棘手的因素,但是在某些情况下可以找到我们建议的估计量,并且我们证明它几乎没有偏见。由于可能结果的数量无穷,因此偏差的计算需要计算机密集的近似值。通过使用逆采样进行分组测试来估计比例会导致偏差很大,但可以使用Firth方法对其进行实质性的校正。

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