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首页> 外文期刊>Australian & New Zealand journal of statistics >A shared parameter mixture model for longitudinal income data with missing responses and zero rounding
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A shared parameter mixture model for longitudinal income data with missing responses and zero rounding

机译：具有缺失响应和零舍入的纵向收入数据的共享参数混合模型

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摘要

The analysis of longitudinal income data is often made challenging for several reasons. For example, in a national Australian survey on income over time, a non-negligible proportion of responses are missing, and it is believed the missingness mechanism is non-ignorable. Also, there are a large number of reported zero incomes, some of which may be true zeros (corresponding to individuals who legitimately do not earn an income), while some may be false zeros (corresponding to individuals choosing to round their income to zero). We propose a new shared parameter mixture (SPM) model for analysing semi-continuous longitudinal income data, which addresses the two challenges of income non-response and zero rounding. This is accomplished by jointly modelling an individual's underlying income together with the probability of missingness and rounding to zero, where both probabilities are permitted to vary in a smooth manner with their underlying non-zero income. Applying the SPM model to the Australian income survey reveals that on average, older female individuals and individuals with a long-term health condition are considerably less likely to earn an income, while income tended to be highest for male individuals on fixed-term/permanent job contracts between ages 50 and 60. Furthermore there is evidence of both zero rounding, and conditional on the assumed missingness mechanism, individuals with incomes at the higher and lower ends are more likely to not report their income.
机译：由于若干原因，纵向收入数据的分析往往挑战。例如，在全国澳大利亚收入调查随时间后，缺少不可忽视的响应比例，据信失踪机制是非忽视的。此外，还有大量报告的零收入，其中一些可能是真正的零（对应于合法地没有收入的人），而有些人可能是假零（对应于选择循环收入的人数为零） 。我们提出了一种新的共享参数混合物（SPM）模型，用于分析半连续纵向收入数据，这解决了收入不反应和零舍入的两个挑战。这是通过将个体的潜在收入与失踪和舍入的可能性共同建模来实现，其中允许这两种概率都以顺利的方式因其潜在的非零收入而变化。将SPM模型应用于澳大利亚的收入调查显示，平均而言，年龄较大的女性个人和具有长期健康状况的个人可能赚取收入的可能性相当不太可能，而固定期/永久性的男性收入趋于最高50和60岁之间的工作合同。此外，有证据表明零舍入，并对假定的缺失机制有条件，较高和下端收入的个人更有可能没有报告他们的收入。

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