Initiatives to boost operational efficiency and safety of the airline industry have run into stiff headwinds that are slowing the implementation of those efforts and have forced carriers to scale back some ambitions. There is also an increasing gap emerging between carriers in the developing world and their rivals in developed countries over the practice of wealthier airlines filling jobs by raiding employee ranks of less-well-financed carriers. Several African airline officials lament that, just when they have trained pilots and ground personnel to adequate standards, those individuals are recruited by other carriers.
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