Prickly issues continue to divide research universities and the U.S. government over export control regulations even as long-running tensions between federal agencies and academe have eased somewhat with recent developments. University officials say government bureaus are too strict in their interpretation of security directives related to the use of scientific equipment, and they are concerned that restrictions could prevent top foreign students from entering the U.S. and non-U.S.-citizen sci- entists from working here. In general, critics say the government actions erode freedoms spelled out in a national security directive, first issued in 1985, that defines academics' rights to publish the results of basic research and to share it, except when the government classifies the information.
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