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The reliability and stability of verbal working memory measures

机译：口头工作记忆措施的可靠性和稳定性

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摘要

The psychometric properties of several commonly used verbal working memory measures were assessed. One hundred thirty-nine individuals in five age groups (18-30, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, and 80+ years) were tested twice (Time I and Time II) on seven working memory span measures (alphabet span, backward digit span, missing digit span, subtract 2 span, running item span, and sentence span for syntactically simple and complex sentences), with an interval of approximately 6 weeks between testing. There were significant effects of age on all but two of the tasks. All the measures had adequate internal consistency. Correlations between performances at Time Ⅰ and Time Ⅱ were significant for all the tasks, other than the missing digit span task. The magnitude of the correlations was similar across the age groups and ranged from .52 to .81. Classification of subjects into discrete memory span groups on the basis of a single measure was highly inconsistent across testing sessions and tasks. Classification into upper and lower quartiles was more stable than using a cutoff score for group membership or than classification into high-, medium-, and low-span groups. Correlational analyses showed that there was a moderate relationship between performances on many of the span tasks. Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that six of the seven tasks reflected a common factor. Both test-retest reliability and stability of classification improved when a composite measure reflecting performance on several tasks was used.
机译：评估了几种常用的言语工作记忆测度的心理测量特性。对五个年龄组（18-30、50-59、60-69、70-79和80+岁）的139个人进行了两次测试（时间I和时间II），测试了七个工作记忆跨度（字母）跨度，向后数字跨度，缺少数字跨度，减去2个跨度，运行项目跨度和语法简单和复杂句子的句子跨度），测试之间的间隔大约为6周。年龄对除两项任务以外的所有任务都有重大影响。所有措施具有足够的内部一致性。除丢失的数字跨度任务外，时间Ⅰ和时间Ⅱ的性能之间的相关性对于所有任务都很重要。各个年龄段的相关程度相似，范围从0.52到0.81。在单个测试过程和任务之间，基于单个度量将主题划分为离散的内存跨度组是非常不一致的。与使用截止得分进行组成员资格或将其划分为高，中，低跨度组相比，上四分位和下四分位的分类更稳定。相关分析表明，许多跨度任务的表现之间存在适度的关系。验证性因素分析表明，七项任务中有六项反映了一个共同因素。当使用反映多项任务性能的综合度量时，重测的可靠性和分类稳定性均得到改善。

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