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首页> 外文期刊>Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology >An automated system for tracking and identifying individual nectar foragers at multiple feeders
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An automated system for tracking and identifying individual nectar foragers at multiple feeders

机译：一个自动系统，用于跟踪和识别多个饲喂器中的单个花蜜觅食者

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Nectar-feeding animals have served as the subjects of many experimental studies and theoretical models of foraging. Their willingness to visit artificial feeders renders many species amenable to controlled experiments using mechanical “flowers” that replenish nectar automatically. However, the structural complexity of such feeders and the lack of a device for tracking the movements of multiple individuals have limited our ability to ask some specific questions related to natural foraging contexts, especially in competitive situations. To overcome such difficulties, we developed an experimental system for producing computer records of multiple foragers harvesting from simple artificial flowers with known rates of nectar secretion, using radio frequency identification (RFID) tags to identify individual animals. By using infrared detectors (light-emitting diodes and phototransistors) to activate the RFID readers momentarily when needed, our system prevents the RFID chips from heating up and disturbing the foraging behavior of focal animals. To demonstrate these advantages, we performed a preliminary experiment with a captive colony of bumble bees, Bombus impatiens. In the experiment, two bees were tagged with RFID chips (2.5 × 2.5 mm, manufactured by Hitachi-Maxell, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) and allowed to forage on 16 artificial flowers arranged in a big flight cage. Using the resulting data set, we present details of how the bees increased their travel speed between flowers, while decreasing the average nectar crop per flower, as they gained experience. Our system provides a powerful tool to track the movement patterns, reward history, and long-term foraging performance of individual foragers at large spatial scales.
机译：采食花蜜的动物已成为许多实验研究和觅食理论模型的主题。他们愿意造访人工饲养者，使得许多物种都可以使用自动补充花蜜的机械“花朵”进行受控实验。但是，这种喂食器的结构复杂性以及缺乏跟踪多个个体运动的设备，限制了我们提出一些与自然觅食环境有关的特定问题的能力，特别是在竞争情况下。为了克服这些困难，我们开发了一个实验系统，该系统可以使用射频识别（RFID）标签来识别个体动物，从而产生多个采食者的计算机记录，这些记录是从具有已知花蜜分泌率的简单人造花中收获的。通过使用红外检测器（发光二极管和光电晶体管）在需要时瞬间激活RFID阅读器，我们的系统可以防止RFID芯片加热并干扰局灶动物的觅食行为。为了证明这些优点，我们对大黄蜂凤仙花的圈养蜂群进行了初步实验。在实验中，两只蜜蜂用RFID芯片（2.5毫米×2.5毫米，由日本东京的Hitachi-Maxell公司制造）贴上标签，并允许它们在大的飞行笼子中觅食16朵人造花。使用所得数据集，我们将详细介绍蜜蜂如何随着花的积累而增加它们在花之间的传播速度，同时降低每朵花的平均花蜜产量。我们的系统提供了一个强大的工具，可以在较大的空间规模上跟踪单个觅食者的运动模式，奖励历史和长期觅食性能。

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