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Good practice in testing for an association in contingency tables

机译:在列联表中测试关联的良好实践

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摘要

The testing for an association between two categorical variables using count data is commonplace in the behavioral sciences. Here, we present evidence that influential biostatistical textbooks give contradictory and incomplete advice on good practice in the analysis of such contingency table data. We survey the statistical literature and offer guidance on such analyses. Specifically, we call for greater use of exact testing rather than tests which use an asymptotic chi-squared distribution. That is, we suggest that researchers take a conservative approach and only perform asymptotic testing where there is little doubt that it is appropriate. We recommend a specific criterion for such decision-making. Where asymptotic testing is appropriate, we recommend chi-squared over the G-test and recommend against the implementation of Yates (or any other) correction. We also provide advice on the effective use of exact testing for associations in contingency tables. Lastly, we highlight issues that need to be considered when using the commonly recommended Fisher’s exact test.
机译:使用计数数据测试两个类别变量之间的关联在行为科学中很常见。在这里,我们提供的证据表明,有影响力的生物统计学教科书在分析此类列联表数据时,对良好实践给出了相互矛盾且不完整的建议。我们调查统计文献并提供有关此类分析的指导。具体来说,我们要求更多地使用精确检验,而不是使用渐近卡方分布的检验。也就是说,我们建议研究人员采取保守的方法,并且仅在毫无疑问的情况下才进行渐进测试。我们建议进行此类决策的具体标准。在适合进行渐近测试的地方,我们建议对G检验进行卡方检验,并建议不要实施Yates(或任何其他)校正方法。我们还提供有关有效使用列联表中关联的精确测试的建议。最后,我们重点介绍了使用通常推荐的Fisher精确测试时需要考虑的问题。

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