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首页> 外文期刊>Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology >Variation in male courtship costs in butterflies
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Variation in male courtship costs in butterflies

机译：蝴蝶中男性求偶成本的变化

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摘要

A cost of mating is common to both sexes but has predominantly been examined in females. In species where males provide resources to females at copulation, male mating costs are expected to be high as nutrient provisioning enhancing female fecundity is assumed to carry costs. In addition, males frequently court females prior to mating, which is known to carry survival costs to both sexes. However, the magnitude and basis of variation in males’ mating costs remains largely unknown. Here, I examine the effect of nutrient provisioning and courtship on male longevity across full-sib families in the paternally investing green-veined white butterfly, Pieris napi. Copulating males suffered a survival cost as did courting males prevented from copulating, indicating the courtship component of mating is costly. Male P. napi release aphrodisiacs during courtship to promote mating, indicating that these compounds may also be costly to produce. Contrary to expectation, nutrient provisioning was not associated with reduced survival relative to males only allowed to court females, although it is possible that this could be masked by the potentially elevated courtship rates of courting males relative to mating males. Families differed in magnitude of reduced male survivorship, indicating a likely genetic basis to variation in costs of courtship and copulation. Male weight was unrelated to longevity and mating success, whereas longevity strongly influenced male mating success, indicating lifespan is an important male fitness trait in this species.
机译：交配的费用对男女双方都很普遍，但主要是在女性中进行的。在雄性交配时为雄性提供资源的物种中，雄性交配成本预计会很高，因为假定养分供应会增加雌性繁殖力，这会带来成本。此外，雄性经常在交配前向雌性求偶，这已知会给男女双方带来生存成本。但是，雄性交配成本差异的大小和依据仍然未知。在这里，我研究了由父本投资的绿脉白蝴蝶Pieris napi在全同胞家庭中营养供应和求爱对男性寿命的影响。交配的雄性遭受了生存成本，而求偶的雄性则被阻止交配，这表明交配中的求爱部分成本很高。雄性P. napi在求爱时会释放壮阳药以促进交配，这表明这些化合物的生产成本也可能很高。与预期相反，养分供应与仅允许求婚的男性相比，并未降低存活率，尽管有可能被求偶男性相对于交配男性的求偶率提高所掩盖。家庭的男性存活率降低幅度不同，这表明可能存在遗传关系，导致求偶和交成本的变化。雄性体重与长寿和交配成功无关，而长寿强烈影响雄性交配成功，表明寿命是该物种重要的雄性适应性状。

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