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首页> 外文期刊>Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology >Risk trading in mating behavior: forgoing anti-predator responses reduces the likelihood of missing terminal mating opportunities
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Risk trading in mating behavior: forgoing anti-predator responses reduces the likelihood of missing terminal mating opportunities

机译：交配行为中的风险交易：放弃反捕食者的反应减少了错过最终交配机会的可能性

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摘要

Life history theory predicts that organisms make certain adjustments to their current and future reproductive effort such that fitness is maximized. Moreover, these adjustments may be fine tuned in response to risks of attack by natural enemies. Thus, we may predict that as an organism ages it will accept increasing levels of exposure to predators during mating activities, effectively trading the risk of losing terminal mating opportunities for the risk of predation. We tested this prediction in an acoustic moth, Achroia grisella, in which females orient toward and evaluate males based on their ultrasonic calling song, and both sexes may be vulnerable to predation by insectivorous bats while in flight as well as on the substrate. In the latter situation, singing males and orienting females show silence and arrestment responses, respectively, when presented with synthetic bat echolocation signals broadcast above a threshold amplitude. We found that both males and females become less sensitive to these broadcasts over the course of their brief reproductive periods, 7 and 5 days, respectively. Over the same periods, sensitivity to male song in both males and females remains constant, and relatively little senescence in sexual behavior is observed. These results support the risk trading hypothesis, and they indicate that life history principles may apply over a very short lifespan.
机译：生命史理论预测，有机体会对其当前和未来的生殖活动做出一定的调整，以使适应性最大化。此外，可以针对天敌攻击的风险对这些调整进行微调。因此，我们可以预测，随着生物的衰老，它在交配活动中将接受越来越多的掠食者接触，从而有效地将失去最终交配机会的风险与捕食的风险进行了交易。我们在声学蛾Achroia grisella中测试了这种预测，在这种蛾中，雌性会根据其超声波鸣叫声定向并评估雄性，并且在飞行中以及在底物上，雌性和雌性都可能容易受到食虫蝙蝠的捕食。在后一种情况下，唱歌的雄性和定向的雌性当出现合成的蝙蝠回声定位信号时，分别在阈值振幅以上广播时，分别表现出沉默和逮捕反应。我们发现，在短暂的生殖期（分别为7天和5天）中，雄性和雌性对这些广播的敏感性降低。在同一时期，男性和女性对男性歌曲的敏感性保持不变，并且观察到性行为的衰老相对较少。这些结果支持风险交易假设，并且表明生命历史原则可能适用于非常短的寿命。

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