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首页> 外文期刊>Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology >The appeasement effect of sterility signaling in dominance contests among Bombus terrestris workers
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The appeasement effect of sterility signaling in dominance contests among Bombus terrestris workers

机译：不育信号在孟买架地工人的主导权竞赛中的靖效应

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The establishment of dominance hierarchies through aggressive interactions is very common in insect societies. In many cases, it is also mediated through pheromone emissions that enable individuals to evaluate the reproductive quality and level of aggressiveness of the dominant individual, thereby reducing the number and intensity of costly fights. Here, we studied these processes in the primitively eusocial bee Bombus terrestris, using a paired bee system. Specifically, we investigated the behavioral, reproductive, and pheromonal correlates of dominance establishment. Workers were shown to establish dominance hierarchies using overt aggression within 3–4 days. Thereafter, the aggression drastically decreased, and dominance was maintained mostly by ritualized agonistic behavior. The behaviorally dominant bee lost the ester compounds that workers produce in their Dufour's gland (the so-called “sterility signal”) concomitantly with the development of her ovaries. The other bee announced as subordinate by continuously producing high amounts of those esters. The hypothesis that sterility signaling serves as an appeasement signal to pacify the dominant bees is supported by the negative correlation found between the proportion of these esters and the level of aggression that the subordinate received from the dominant worker. Physical interactions, and presumably also the ensuing overt aggression between the bees, were essential for the above pheromonal change to take place and enabled the dominant workers to develop their ovaries and to lay eggs. The subordinate bee’s signaling of non-reproductive status may minimize energy expenditure in costly fights and help stabilize the reproductive division of labor among workers.
机译：在昆虫社会中，通过侵略性相互作用建立统治等级体系是很普遍的。在许多情况下，它也是通过信息素的释放来介导的，该信息素使个人能够评估优势个体的生殖质量和侵略性水平，从而减少了代价高昂的战斗的数量和强度。在这里，我们使用配对的蜜蜂系统研究了原本在社会上的蜜蜂Bombus terrestris中的这些过程。具体而言，我们调查了优势地位行为，生殖和信息素的相关性。工人被证明可以在3-4天之内通过公开的攻击建立统治等级。此后，侵略性急剧下降，并且主要通过仪式化的激动行为来维持统治地位。行为上占优势的蜂失去了工人在杜福尔腺体中产生的酯类化合物（所谓的“无菌信号”），并伴随着卵巢的发育。通过连续生产大量的那些酯宣布为从属的另一只蜜蜂。这些酯的比例与下属从显性工作者那里得到的侵略程度之间的负相关关系支持了不育信号作为安抚信号来抚慰显性蜂的假说。身体之间的相互作用以及蜜蜂之间随之而来的明显攻击性，对于上述信息素的改变是必不可少的，并使主要劳动者能够发育卵巢并产卵。下属蜜蜂发出非生殖状态的信号可能使代价高昂的战斗中的能源消耗降至最低，并有助于稳定工人之间的生殖分工。

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