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Optimize Nitrogen for Alabama Wheat Yields with and without Fall Tillage

机译：有和无秋耕条件下优化阿拉巴马州小麦产量的氮素

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Increased no-till or reduced tillage within Alabama wheat fields has raised research questions on how the trend might impact optimal N fertilizer rates and timings. Monitoring tiller growth as a means to predict N requirements was another option assessed across major soil types within the region. Alabama wheat farmers are changing management practices to maximize yields and reduce trips across their fields. Some recent changes include using higher N fertilizer and wheat seeding rates, and planting wheat in no-till or reduced tillage systems. Non-inversion tillage has been widely adopted in summer row crops, particularly cotton on Alabama's Coastal Plain soils (Simoes et al., 2009), while conservation tillage at planting has become a primary method on silt loam soils in the Limestone Valley (Schwab et al., 2002). However, there are concerns that tillage systems that maintain surface residue will slow vegetative growth and reduce tillering in wheat (Weisz and Bowmann, 1999). Questions have been raised about N fertilizer rates and application timings according to tillage practices used at planting. The practice of monitoring wheat tillering is also being used in some wheat-growing areas to adjust spring N fertilizer rates. As a result, tillage practices, rates and times of N fertilizer application, and tiller counts need further evaluation under Alabama growing conditions.
机译：在阿拉巴马州的小麦田中，免耕或耕作减少的现象引发了有关该趋势如何影响最佳氮肥用量和时机的研究问题。监测分er生长作为预测氮需求的一种手段，是对该地区主要土壤类型进行评估的另一种选择。阿拉巴马州的小麦种植者正在改变管理方式，以最大限度地提高产量并减少跨田旅行。最近的一些变化包括使用更高的氮肥和小麦播种量，以及在免耕或减耕系统中种植小麦。非倒茬耕作已广泛用于夏季大田作物，特别是阿拉巴马州沿海平原土壤上的棉花（Simoes等，2009），而种植时的保护性耕作已成为石灰岩谷地粉壤土上的主要方法（Schwab等）。等人，2002）。但是，人们担心保持地表残留物的耕作系统会减慢小麦的营养生长并减少小麦的分ing（Weisz和Bowmann，1999）。根据种植时的耕作习惯，已经对氮肥施用量和施用时间提出了疑问。在一些小麦种植区，也正在使用监测小麦分ing的方法来调节春季氮肥的施用量。因此，在阿拉巴马州的生长条件下，耕作方式，氮肥施用量和施用时间以及耕作数量有待进一步评估。

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