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The Second-Shell Metal Ligands of Human Arginase Affect Coordination of the Nucleophile and Substrate

机译:人类精氨酸酶的第二壳金属配体影响亲核试剂和底物的配位。

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摘要

The active sites of eukaryotic arginase enzymes are strictly conserved, especially the first- andnsecond-shell ligands that coordinate the two divalent metal cations that generate a hydroxide molecule fornnucleophilic attack on the guanidinium carbon of L-arginine and the subsequent production of urea andnL-ornithine.Here by using comprehensive pairwise saturationmutagenesis of the first- and second-shellmetalnligands in human arginase I, we demonstrate that several metal binding ligands are actually quite tolerant tonamino acid substitutions. Of >2800 double mutants of first- and second-shell residues analyzed, we foundnmore than 80 unique amino acid substitutions, of which four were in first-shell residues. Remarkably, certainnsecond-shell mutations could modulate the binding of both the nucleophilic water/hydroxide molecule andnsubstrate or product ligands, resulting in activity greater than that of the wild-type enzyme. The datanpresented here constitute the first comprehensive saturationmutagenesis analysis of ametallohydrolase activensite and reveal that the strict conservation of the second-shell metal binding residues in eukaryotic arginasesndoes not reflect kinetic optimization of the enzyme during the course of evolution.
机译:真核精氨酸酶的活性位点是严格保守的,特别是配合两个二价金属阳离子的第一和第二壳配体,后者会生成氢氧化物分子,对L-精氨酸的胍基碳产生亲核攻击,随后产生尿素和nL-鸟氨酸在这里,通过使用人精氨酸酶I中第一个和第二个壳金属配体的全面成对饱和诱变,我们证明了一些金属结合配体实际上是相当耐受的ton氨基酸取代。在分析的2800个第一和第二个壳残基双重突变体中,我们发现了80多个独特的氨基酸取代,其中四个在第一个壳残基中。值得注意的是,某些第二壳突变可调节亲核水/氢氧化物分子与底物或产物配体的结合,从而产生比野生型酶更大的活性。这里呈现的数据构成了金属水解酶活性位点的首次全面饱和诱变分析,并揭示了真核精氨酸中第二壳金属结合残基的严格保守并不能反映酶在进化过程中的动力学优化。

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  • 来源
    《Biochemistry》 |2010年第49期|p.10582-10588|共7页
  • 作者单位

    ‡Departments of Chemical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering and §Department of Molecular Genetics andMicrobiology and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, United States;

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