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首页> 外文期刊>BioControl >Biological control of Septoria tritici blotch on wheat by Trichoderma spp. under field conditions in Argentina
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Biological control of Septoria tritici blotch on wheat by Trichoderma spp. under field conditions in Argentina

机译：木霉属菌对小麦的小麦黑斑病的生物防治。在阿根廷的野外条件下

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Biological control is an additional tool available for the design of more sustainable control strategies of wheat diseases. Trichoderma spp. have previously been used as biocontrol agents to protect wheat plants against leaf spots diseases in Argentina, but the information from field assays is scarce. The effectiveness of four Trichoderma harzianum strains and one T. koningii strain in reducing the incidence and severity of the leaf blotching of wheat caused by Septoria tritici blotch (STB) under two formulation conditions, spore suspension and the coated-seed technique, was studied under field conditions. Significant differences between wheat cultivars, formulation types and growth stages were found. In 2003, at the tillering stage, all of the treatments tested (except SST1 for incidence) effectively reduced the incidence or the severity of the disease compared to the control. Similarly, in 2004, ten of the treatments reduced the severity at tillering. At the heading stage, none of the treatments tested caused a significant decrease of the disease. These results indicated, therefore, that the antagonism was effective at an early stage of the disease only. Comparing both formulations, spraying spore suspension onto leaves and the coated-seed application technique, both were effective in decreasing the disease. Some isolates, such as CST4 and CST2, reduced the incidence value of STB to 40% and the severity value to 70% of the control values applied as coated-seed formulation. On the other hand, isolates T4 and T2 showed the greatest effectiveness for controlling STB, with similar reduction values to that shown by the fungicide (Folicur?) application treatment. The results of this study indicated that, although the immediate impact of Trichoderma isolates may be seen as reduced incidence and severity on the first stages of STB, in the long term, the same disease levels as found in untreated sites may be attained. This study also demonstrated that the incorporation of Trichoderma as a biocontrol preparation may be a promising step towards reducing STB disease in the field and the levels of fungicide residues in the context of a more integrated approach to the problem.
机译：生物控制是可用于设计更可持续的小麦疾病控制策略的附加工具。木霉属。在阿根廷以前曾被用作生物防治剂来保护小麦植物免受叶斑病的侵害，但从田间试验获得的信息却很少。在以下两种配方条件下，研究了四种哈茨木霉菌和一株康宁木霉菌在降低孢子悬浮液和包衣种子技术两种条件下降低小麦黑斑病引起的小麦叶斑病的发生率和严重程度的有效性。现场条件。发现小麦品种，配方类型和生长期之间存在显着差异。 2003年，在分er期，与对照相比，所有测试的治疗方法（除了SST1除外）均有效降低了疾病的发生率或严重程度。同样，在2004年，有十种疗法降低了分ing的严重程度。在抽穗阶段，所测试的治疗方法均未引起疾病的明显减少。因此，这些结果表明拮抗作用仅在疾病的早期有效。比较这两种配方，将孢子悬浮液喷在叶子上和包衣种子施用技术，均能有效减少病害。某些分离株，例如CST4和CST2，将STB的发生率降低为包衣种子制剂的40％，严重度降低为对照组的70％。另一方面，分离株T4和T2在控制机顶盒方面显示出最大的功效，其降低值与杀真菌剂（Folicur？）的处理结果相似。这项研究的结果表明，尽管木霉菌分离物的直接影响可能被视为降低了机顶盒的发病率和严重程度，但从长远来看，可以达到与未治疗部位相同的疾病水平。这项研究还表明，在更综合的方法中，将木霉菌用作生物防治制剂可能是减少该领域STB疾病和减少杀菌剂残留水平的有希望的步骤。

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