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首页> 外文期刊>Bioenergy research >The Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Fertilizers on Prairie Biomass Yield, Ethanol Yield, and Nutrient Harvest
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The Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Fertilizers on Prairie Biomass Yield, Ethanol Yield, and Nutrient Harvest

机译：氮，磷和钾肥对草原生物量，乙醇产量和养分收获的影响

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Native prairie plants can be managed to provide biomass for cellulosic ethanol production; however, there is inadequate information in northern latitudes regarding the effects of fertilizers on biomass and ethanol yields. We evaluated biomass yield, land ethanol yield (theoretical ethanol production per unit area), and nutrient harvest in grasslands managed across a gradient of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizers at three locations in MN, USA, from 2008 to 2009. The Austin and Lamberton locations were planted with a mixture of prairie plants, while the Rosemount location was solely switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). Model-based estimations of agronomically optimum nitrogen rates (AONRs) for land ethanol yield were determined for five of six site-year environments. Five response functions were modeled for land ethanol yield, each predicting a unique AONR with varying degrees of confidence. The linear plateau function was best-supported for four of six environments. Agronomically optimum nitrogen rates ranged from 61 to 87 kg N ha−1 and, on average, yielded 3,160, 2,090, and 3,180 L ethanol ha−1 at Austin, Lamberton, and Rosemount, respectively. On average, predicted ethanol yields increased 52 % when fertilized at AONRs compared to yields without fertilizer. Phosphorus and K fertilizers did not affect land ethanol yield. Nitrogen, P, and K removed during biomass harvest increased with N fertilization and averaged 31, 6, and 20 kg ha−1 at the AONRs. Nitrogen use efficiency declined with N fertilization during drier years. Modest rates of N fertilizer (between 60 and 90 kg N ha−1) can maximize cellulosic ethanol production in established northern latitude grasslands. Soil P and K should be monitored as nutrients are removed during repeated biomass harvests.
机译：可以管理本地草原植物以提供生物质用于纤维素乙醇的生产；但是，在北纬地区，有关肥料对生物量和乙醇产量的影响的信息不足。我们在美国MN的三个地点评估了氮，磷，钾钾肥梯度管理的草地生物量，土地乙醇产量（单位面积理论乙醇产量）和养分的获取，从2008年到2009年。奥斯汀和兰伯顿地区种植的是草原植物的混合物，而罗斯蒙特地区仅是柳枝（（Panicum virgatum L.）。在六个站点年环境中的五个，确定了基于模型的土地乙醇产量的农艺最佳氮率（AONR）估算值。对土地乙醇产量建模了五个响应函数，每个函数都以不同的置信度预测了唯一的AONR。线性平稳功能在六个环境中的四个中得到了最好的支持。从农业角度来看，氮的最佳氮含量范围是61至87 kg N·ha-1，平均在奥斯汀，兰伯顿和罗斯蒙特分别生产3,160、2,090和3,180 L乙醇·ha-1。平均而言，与不施肥相比，在AONRs施肥时预测的乙醇产量增加52％。磷钾肥对土地乙醇的产量没有影响。生物量收获期间去除的氮，磷和钾随着氮肥的施用而增加，在AONR处平均分别为31、6和20 kg ha-1。在较干旱的年代，氮肥的利用率随着氮肥的施用而下降。适量的氮肥用量（介于60至90千克N·ha-1之间）可以使北纬成熟草原的纤维素乙醇产量最大化。在重复收获生物量期间要去除营养，应监测土壤P和K。

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