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Establishing Native Perennial Bioenergy Crops with Cereal Grain Companion Crops

机译：用谷物合作伙伴建立本地多年生生物能源作物

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Companion crops supply additional economic returns when used to establish perennial forage crops, and they should provide similar benefits when establishing native perennial grasslands for bioenergy. We evaluated the effect of cereal grains and native perennial companion crops on biomass yield of three different bioenergy crop types (switchgrass (Panicum virgatum (L.) Vitman) monoculture, four-species native grass mixture, and CP-25 polyculture mixture) during the seeding year and two subsequent harvest years at four environments. Effects of companion crops on bioenergy crop yields were inconsistent across locations and time, but some general patterns were observed. Averaged across all bioenergy crops, three companion cropping treatments—oat (Avena sativa L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and Canada wildrye (Elymus canadensis L.) harvested for forage—produced harvestable biomass during the seeding year while suppressing weeds and maintaining perennial biomass yield of the main crop during the first harvest year. Harvestable forage yields were greater for the oat companion crop compared to Canada wildrye during the seeding year at two environments, which could make the cereal grain companion crops more profitable for producers, depending on biomass markets. The polyculture crop yielded 33 and 39 % more perennial biomass than the switchgrass and grass mix in one environment and had 25 % less weed biomass compared to switchgrass in another. No individual companion crop/bioenergy crop combination consistently yielded more perennial biomass or less weed biomass compared to unweeded controls across all environments; however, companion crops can supply marketable grain and biomass during the seeding year when planted with native perennial grasslands without decreasing perennial biomass yields in subsequent harvest years.
机译：伴侣作物用于建立多年生牧草作物时可提供额外的经济回报，在建立本地多年生草地用于生物能源时，它们应提供类似的收益。我们评估了谷物颗粒和原生多年生伴生作物对三种不同生物能源作物类型（柳枝（（Panicum virgatum（L.）维特曼）单一栽培，四种原生草混合物和CP-25混养混合物）生物量产量的影响。在四个环境下的播种年和随后的两个收获年。不同地点和时间伴生作物对生物能源作物产量的影响不一致，但观察到一些一般模式。将所有生物能源作物的平均收成，三种伴生作物处理方法-燕麦（Avena sativa L.），大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）和加拿大野生黑麦（Elymus canadensis L.）收获了草料，在播种年度产生了可收获的生物量，同时抑制了杂草并在第一个收获年保持主要作物的常年生物量产量。与播种年度相比，在两种环境下，燕麦伴生作物的可收获草料产量均高于加拿大野黑麦，这可能使谷物伴生作物对生产者而言更具盈利性，具体取决于生物质市场。在一种环境中，混养作物的多年生生物量比柳枝and和草混种多33％和39％，与另一种柳枝switch相比，杂草生物量少25％。与所有环境中的非杂草对照相比，没有任何伴生作物/生物能源作物组合持续产生更多的多年生生物量或较少的杂草生物量；然而，在播种年中，当伴有原生多年生草原时，伴生作物可以提供可销售的谷物和生物量，而在随后的收获年中不会降低多年生生物量的产量。

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  • 来源
    《Bioenergy research》 |2015年第1期|109-118|共10页
  • 作者

    Jacob M. Jungers; Donald L. Wyse; Craig C. Sheaffer;

  • 作者单位

    1.Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics University of Minnesota 411 Borlaug Hall 1991 Upper Buford Circle Saint Paul MN 55108 USA;

    1.Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics University of Minnesota 411 Borlaug Hall 1991 Upper Buford Circle Saint Paul MN 55108 USA;

    1.Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics University of Minnesota 411 Borlaug Hall 1991 Upper Buford Circle Saint Paul MN 55108 USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Bioenergy Biofuels Prairie Intercropping Companion crops Switchgrass;

    机译：生物能源生物燃料草原间作伴生作物柳枝Switch;

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