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首页> 外文期刊>Bioenergy research >Soil Microbial Community Response to Corn Stover Harvesting Under Rain-Fed, No-Till Conditions at Multiple US Locations
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Soil Microbial Community Response to Corn Stover Harvesting Under Rain-Fed, No-Till Conditions at Multiple US Locations

机译：在美国多个地点雨养，免耕条件下土壤微生物群落对玉米秸秆收割的反应

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摘要

Harvesting of corn stover (plant residues) for cellulosic ethanol production must be balanced with the requirement for returning plant residues to agricultural fields to maintain soil structure, fertility, crop protection, and other ecosystem services. High rates of corn stover removal can be associated with decreased soil organic matter (SOM) quantity and quality and increased highly erodible soil aggregate fractions. Limited data are available on the impact of stover harvesting on soil microbial communities which are critical because of their fundamental relationships with C and N cycles, soil fertility, crop protection, and stresses that might be imposed by climate change. Using fatty acid and DNA analyses, we evaluated relative changes in soil fungal and bacterial densities and fungal-to-bacterial (F:B) ratios in response to corn stover removal under no-till, rain-fed management. These studies were performed at four different US locations with contrasting soil-climatic conditions. At one location, residue removal significantly decreased F:B ratios. At this location, cover cropping significantly increased F:B ratios at the highest level of residue removal and thus may be an important practice to minimize changes in soil microbial communities where corn stover is harvested. We also found that in these no-till systems, the 0- to 5-cm depth interval is most likely to experience changes, and detectable effects of stover removal on soil microbial community structure will depend on the duration of stover removal, sampling time, soil type, and annual weather patterns. No-till practices may have limited the rate of change in soil properties associated with stover removal compared to more extensive changes reported at a limited number of tilled sites. Documenting changes in soil microbial communities with stover removal under differing soil-climatic and management conditions will guide threshold levels of stover removal and identify practices (e.g., no-till, cover cropping) that may mitigate undesirable changes in soil properties.
机译：收获用于纤维素乙醇生产的玉米秸秆（植物残渣）必须与将植物残渣返回农田以维持土壤结构，肥力，作物保护和其他生态系统服务的要求相平衡。玉米秸秆的高去除率可能与土壤有机质（SOM）的数量和质量下降以及高度易蚀的土壤骨料含量增加有关。关于秸秆收获对土壤微生物群落的影响的数据有限，这是至关重要的，因为它们与碳和氮循环，土壤肥力，作物保护以及气候变化可能带来的压力之间存在根本关系。使用脂肪酸和DNA分析，我们评估了免耕，雨养管理下玉米秸秆去除对土壤真菌和细菌密度以及真菌与细菌（F：B）比的相对变化。这些研究是在美国四个不同地点进行的，其土壤气候条件不同。在一个位置，残留物的去除显着降低了F：B比率。在此位置，在最高的残留物去除水平下，覆盖作物明显增加了F：B比率，因此可能是一种重要的实践，可最大程度地减少收获玉米秸秆的土壤微生物群落的变化。我们还发现，在这些免耕系统中，0到5厘米深度的间隔最有可能发生变化，秸秆去除对土壤微生物群落结构的可检测影响将取决于秸秆去除的持续时间，采样时间，土壤类型和年度天气模式。与在有限数量的耕地上报道的更广泛的变化相比，免耕做法可能会限制与秸秆去除相关的土壤特性变化速度。在不同的土壤气候和管理条件下，通过秸秆清除记录土壤微生物群落的变化，将指导秸秆清除的阈值水平，并确定可减轻土壤性质不良变化的实践（例如免耕，覆盖耕作）。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Bioenergy research》 |2014年第2期|540-550|共11页
  • 作者

    R. Michael Lehman; Thomas F. Ducey; Virginia L. Jin; Veronica Acosta-Martinez; Carla M. Ahlschwede; Elizabeth S. Jeske; Rhae A. Drijber; Keri B. Cantrell; James R. Frederick; Darci M. Fink; Shannon L. Osborne; Jeff M. Novak; Jane M. F. Johnson; Gary E. Varvel;

  • 作者单位

    1.North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory USDA-Agricultural Research Service 2923 Medary Ave Brookings SD 57006 USA;

    2.Coastal Plains Soil Water and Plant Research Center USDA-Agricultural Research Service Florence SC USA;

    3.Agroecosystems Management Research USDA-Agricultural Research Service Lincoln NE USA;

    4.Cropping Systems Research Laboratory USDA-Agricultural Research Service Lubbock TX USA;

    3.Agroecosystems Management Research USDA-Agricultural Research Service Lincoln NE USA 5.Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska Lincoln NE USA;

    5.Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska Lincoln NE USA;

    5.Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska Lincoln NE USA;

    2.Coastal Plains Soil Water and Plant Research Center USDA-Agricultural Research Service Florence SC USA;

    6.Department of Entomology Soils and Plant Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA;

    1.North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory USDA-Agricultural Research Service 2923 Medary Ave Brookings SD 57006 USA;

    1.North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory USDA-Agricultural Research Service 2923 Medary Ave Brookings SD 57006 USA;

    2.Coastal Plains Soil Water and Plant Research Center USDA-Agricultural Research Service Florence SC USA;

    7.North Central Soil Conservation Research Laboratory USDA-Agricultural Research Service Morris MN USA;

    3.Agroecosystems Management Research USDA-Agricultural Research Service Lincoln NE USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Corn stover Maize Microbial community Residue management Soil microorganisms Soil quality;

    机译：玉米秸秆玉米微生物群落残留管理土壤微生物土壤质量;

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