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首页> 外文期刊>Bioenergy research >Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Response to Corn Stover Removal and Tillage Management Across the US Corn Belt
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Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Response to Corn Stover Removal and Tillage Management Across the US Corn Belt

机译：整个美国玉米带的玉米秸秆去除和耕作管理对土壤温室气体排放的响应

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In-field measurements of direct soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions provide critical data for quantifying the net energy efficiency and economic feasibility of crop residue-based bioenergy production systems. A major challenge to such assessments has been the paucity of field studies addressing the effects of crop residue removal and associated best practices for soil management (i.e., conservation tillage) on soil emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4). This regional survey summarizes soil GHG emissions from nine maize production systems evaluating different levels of corn stover removal under conventional or conservation tillage management across the US Corn Belt. Cumulative growing season soil emissions of CO2, N2O, and/or CH4 were measured for 2–5 years (2008–2012) at these various sites using a standardized static vented chamber technique as part of the USDA-ARS’s Resilient Economic Agricultural Practices (REAP) regional partnership. Cumulative soil GHG emissions during the growing season varied widely across sites, by management, and by year. Overall, corn stover removal decreased soil total CO2 and N2O emissions by -4 and -7 %, respectively, relative to no removal. No management treatments affected soil CH4 fluxes. When aggregated to total GHG emissions (Mg CO2 eq ha−1) across all sites and years, corn stover removal decreased growing season soil emissions by −5 ± 1 % (mean ± se) and ranged from -36 % to 54 % (n = 50). Lower GHG emissions in stover removal treatments were attributed to decreased C and N inputs into soils, as well as possible microclimatic differences associated with changes in soil cover. High levels of spatial and temporal variabilities in direct GHG emissions highlighted the importance of site-specific management and environmental conditions on the dynamics of GHG emissions from agricultural soils.
机译：对土壤直接温室气体（GHG）排放的现场测量提供了关键数据，可用于量化基于作物残渣的生物能源生产系统的净能源效率和经济可行性。此类评估面临的主要挑战是缺乏实地研究，无法研究去除农作物残渣的影响以及土壤管理的相关最佳实践（即保护性耕作）对土壤中二氧化碳（CO2），一氧化二氮（N2O）和甲烷（CH4）。这项区域调查总结了九个玉米生产系统的土壤温室气体排放量，这些系统评估了美国玉米带常规或保护性耕作管理下不同水平的玉米秸秆清除量。使用标准的静态通风箱技术，作为USDA-ARS的“弹性经济农业实践”（REAP）的一部分，在这些不同地点测量了2–5年（2008-2012年）土壤中CO2，N2O和/或CH4的累积生长季节土壤排放量。 ）区域合作伙伴关系。根据管理部门和年份的不同，生长期期间累积的土壤温室气体排放量在各个站点之间差异很大。总体而言，相对于不清除玉米秸秆，去除土壤总CO2和N2O排放分别降低了-4％和-7％。没有管理措施会影响土壤CH4通量。当汇总所有地点和年份的总温室气体排放量（Mg CO2·eqha-1）时，去除玉米秸秆可使生长期土壤排放量降低-5±±1％（平均值），范围从-36％至54％（n = 50）。秸秆去除处理中温室气体排放的降低归因于土壤中碳和氮的输入减少，以及与土壤覆盖变化相关的可能的微气候差异。温室气体直接排放的高度时空变化突显了特定地点的管理和环境条件对农业土壤温室气体排放动态的重要性。

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