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Modeling Water Quality Impacts of Cellulosic Biofuel Production from Corn Silage

机译：模拟玉米青贮纤维素生产生物燃料对水质的影响

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摘要

The growing interest in the use of alternative biomass products for fuel production requires a thorough understanding of the environmental impacts associated with the production of these bioenergy crops. Corn silage is a potential bioenergy feedstock; however, water quality implications for its utilization as a biofeedstock are not understood. The objective of this work was to evaluate water quality impacts associated with corn silage production. The GLEAMS-NAPRA model was used to quantify runoff, percolation, erosion, nitrate-nitrogen, total phosphorus, and pesticide losses attributed to the production of corn silage with and without winter cover crops for two tillage options (conventional tillage and no till) on three Indiana soils. Results revealed that corn silage would generate greater annual surface runoff (1 to 6 mm) and percolation (1 to 20 mm) compared with corn grain and grain plus stover cropping systems. Silage/winter cereal rye cover crop reduced annual surface runoff and percolation and was strongly influenced by increases in evapotranspiration, when compared with continuous silage production. Silage managed with winter cereal rye cover crop influenced water quality by reducing annual nitrate losses with runoff from a low of 14 % to a high of 27 %, with relatively no effect because of tillage management. No-till practice on silage system produced significantly greater phosphorus losses (7.46 to 18.07 kg/ha) in comparison to silage/cereal rye, corn grain, and grain plus stover harvest (p < 0.05). For every 1,000 l of ethanol produced from corn silage, erosion losses ranged from 0.07 to 0.95 t/ha for conventional tillage practices and from 0.06 to 0.83 t/ha for no-till practices. The feasibility of cropping systems such as corn silage/cereal rye could contribute to large-scale biomass production but should be further investigated.
机译：对使用替代生物质产品进行燃料生产的兴趣日益浓厚，需要对与这些生物能源作物的生产相关的环境影响有透彻的了解。玉米青贮饲料是一种潜在的生物能源原料。然而，人们对其利用水质作为生物原料的意义尚不了解。这项工作的目的是评估与玉米青贮饲料生产相关的水质影响。 GLEAMS-NAPRA模型用于量化径流，渗滤，侵蚀，硝酸盐氮，总磷和农药损失，这些损失归因于两种耕种（常规耕种和免耕）下有和没有冬季覆盖作物的青贮玉米的生产。三种印第安纳州土壤。结果表明，与玉米谷物和谷物加秸秆作物种植系统相比，玉米青贮饲料将产生更大的年度地表径流（1至6毫米）和渗滤（1至20毫米）。与连续生产青贮饲料相比，青贮/冬季谷物黑麦覆盖作物减少了年度地表径流和渗滤，并且受到蒸散量增加的强烈影响。冬季谷类黑麦覆盖作物管理的青贮饲料通过将年度硝酸盐损失从径流的14％降低到27％的高水平而影响了水质，但由于耕作管理相对没有影响。与青贮饲料/谷物黑麦，玉米籽粒和谷物加上秸秆收获相比，青贮饲料系统的免耕做法产生的磷损失明显更大（7.46至18.07 kg / ha）（p <0.05）。对于玉米青贮饲料，每生产1000升乙醇，侵蚀量在传统耕作法下为0.07至0.95吨/公顷，在免耕法下为0.06至0.83吨/公顷。诸如玉米青贮饲料/谷类黑麦这样的种植系统的可行性可能有助于大规模生物量生产，但应进一步研究。

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  • 来源
    《Bioenergy research》 |2014年第2期|636-653|共18页
  • 作者

    Mark A. Thomas; Laurent M. Ahiablame; Bernard A. Engel; Indrajeet Chaubey; Nathan Mosier;

  • 作者单位

    1.Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Purdue University 225 South University Street West Lafayette IN 47907-2093 USA;

    1.Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Purdue University 225 South University Street West Lafayette IN 47907-2093 USA;

    1.Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Purdue University 225 South University Street West Lafayette IN 47907-2093 USA;

    1.Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Purdue University 225 South University Street West Lafayette IN 47907-2093 USA 2.Department of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences and Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering Purdue University 550 Stadium Mall Drive West Lafayette IN 47907-2093 USA;

    1.Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Purdue University 225 South University Street West Lafayette IN 47907-2093 USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Biofuels Bioenergy Cover crop Corn silage Corn stover Hydrologic/water quality modeling;

    机译：生物燃料生物能源覆盖作物玉米青贮玉米秸秆水文/水质模型;

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