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首页> 外文期刊>Bioenergy research >Site-Specific Trade-offs of Harvesting Cereal Residues as Biofuel Feedstocks in Dryland Annual Cropping Systems of the Pacific Northwest, USA
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Site-Specific Trade-offs of Harvesting Cereal Residues as Biofuel Feedstocks in Dryland Annual Cropping Systems of the Pacific Northwest, USA

机译：在美国西北太平洋地区旱地年度种植系统中，将谷物残留物作为生物燃料原料，在特定地点进行取舍。

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摘要

Cereal residues are considered an important feedstock for future biofuel production. Harvesting residues, however, could lead to serious soil degradation and impaired agroecosystem services. Our objective was to evaluate trade-offs of harvesting wheat and barley residues including impacts on soil erosion and quality, soil organic C (SOC), and nutrient removal. We used agricultural data from 369 geo-referenced points on the 37-ha Washington State University Cook Agronomy Farm combined with model simulations to develop straw harvest scenarios for conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT) and both 2- and 3-year crop rotations with sequences of wheat, barley, and peas. Site-specific estimates of ethanol production from 2- and 3-year rotation scenarios ranged from 681 to 1,541 L ha−1 yr−1, indicating that both crop rotation and site-specific targeting of residue harvest are important factors. Harvesting straw reduced residue C inputs by 46 % and resulted in levels below that required to maintain SOC under CT. This occurred as a function of both straw harvest and low residue producing crops in rotation. Harvesting straw under CT was predicted to reduce soil quality as Soil Conditioning Indices (SCIs) were negative throughout the field. In contrast, SCIs under NT were positive despite straw harvest. Replacement value of nutrients (N, P, K, S) removed in harvested straw averaged $14.54 Mg−1 dry straw and ranged from $36.04 to $80.30 ha−1, while straw harvesting costs averaged $34.25 Mg−1, and the current (2014) market value of straw is $65 Mg−1. We concluded that substantial trade-offs exist in harvesting straw for biofuel, that trade-offs should be evaluated on a site-specific basis, and that support practices such as crop rotation, reduced tillage, and site-specific nutrient management need to be considered if residue harvest is to be sustainable.
机译：谷物残留被认为是未来生物燃料生产的重要原料。但是，收获残留物可能导致严重的土壤退化和农业生态系统服务受损。我们的目标是评估收获的小麦和大麦残留物的权衡取舍，包括对土壤侵蚀和质量，土壤有机碳（SOC）和养分去除的影响。我们使用了37公顷华盛顿州立大学库克农学农场的369个地理参考点的农业数据，并结合了模型模拟，为常规耕作（CT）和免耕（NT）以及2-和3-耕作提供了秸秆收获方案轮作，包括小麦，大麦和豌豆。在2年和3年轮作方案中，对乙醇产量的特定地点估计值范围从681到1,541 L·ha-1 yr-1，表明作物轮作和特定地点的残留物收获目标都是重要因素。收割秸秆可减少46％的残留碳输入，并导致其水平低于维持CT下SOC所需的水平。这是由于秸秆收成和低轮作产量的作物而发生的。预测在CT下收割秸秆会降低土壤质量，因为整个田间土壤调节指数（SCI）均为负值。相反，尽管收获了稻草，但新台币下的SCI仍为阳性。收获秸秆中去除的养分（N，P，K，S）的重置价值平均为$ 14.54 Mg-1干秸秆，范围为$ 36.04至$ 80.30 ha-1，而秸秆收获成本平均为$ 34.25 $ Mg-1，当前（2014年）秸秆的市场价值为65美元Mg-1。我们得出的结论是，在收获秸秆作为生物燃料时，存在着重大的取舍，应在特定地点进行折衷评估，并且需要考虑支持措施，例如轮作，减少耕种和特定地点的养分管理残渣收获是否可持续。

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  • 来源
    《Bioenergy research》 |2014年第2期|598-608|共11页
  • 作者

    David R. Huggins; Chad E. Kruger; Kathleen M. Painter; David P. Uberuaga;

  • 作者单位

    1.Land Management and Water Conservation Research Unit USDA-ARS Washington State University 215 Johnson Hall Pullman WA 99164 USA;

    2.Center for Sustaining Agriculture and Natural Resources Washington State University 1100 N. Western Ave Wenatchee WA 98801 USA;

    3.Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology University of Idaho 875 Perimeter Drive MS 2334 Moscow ID 83844-2334 USA;

    4.Department of Crop and Soil Science Washington State University 201 Johnson Hall Pullman WA 99164 USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Wheat residue Biofuels Cereal straw Ethanol Soil quality Soil carbon;

    机译：小麦残渣生物燃料谷物秸秆乙醇土壤质量土壤碳;

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