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Effects of the Vital Activity of Soil Insect Larvae on Microbial Processes in the Soil

机译：土壤昆虫幼虫活力对土壤微生物过程的影响

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摘要

The effects of Elateridae larvae (wireworms) on the structure, functional diversity, and tolerance of the soil microbial population in steppe ecosystems have been investigated. The trophic and locomotor activity of wireworms leads to an appreciable increase in bacterial abundance and suppression of fungal activity. The fungal hyphae in the presence of wireworms are significantly damaged, which can be related to the feeding activity of Elateridae. The increase of bacterial abundance on the background of exclusion of the fungal component shifts the microbial succession to the acceleration of organic matter mineralization. The microbial consumption of mono- and oligosaccharides, alcohols, and water-soluble compounds increases in the presence of wireworms (multisubstrate test). The effect of Elateridae larvae on the microorganisms transforming nitrogen compounds is species-specific. Agriotes obscurus activity decreases their consumption of urea and creatinine by 2.1-2.5 times, and Selatosomus aeneus increases it by 1.3 and 2.5 times, respectively. The intensity of actual nitrogen fixation in the soil increases in the presence of wireworms by almost 4 times, but the losses of gaseous nitrogen do not increase because of the decrease in both the denitrification and methanogenesis rates.
机译：已经研究了Elateridae幼虫（蚕）对草原生态系统中土壤微生物种群的结构，功能多样性和耐受性的影响。线虫的营养和运动能力导致细菌丰度明显增加，并抑制了真菌活性。在存在线虫的情况下，真菌的菌丝受到了严重破坏，这可能与Elateridae的摄食活性有关。在排除真菌成分的背景下，细菌丰度的增加将微生物的继承转移到了有机物矿化的加速上。在存在线虫的情况下，单糖和寡糖，醇和水溶性化合物的微生物消耗量增加（多底物测试）。鞘翅目幼虫对转化氮化合物的微生物的影响是物种特异性的。 Agriotes obscurus活动将其尿素和肌酐的消耗量减少了2.1-2.5倍，而Selatosomus aeneus将其消耗量分别增加了1.3和2.5倍。在存在线虫的情况下，土壤中实际固氮的强度增加了近4倍，但由于反硝化和产甲烷率的降低，气态氮的损失并未增加。

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  • 来源
    《Biology Bulletin》 |2015年第6期|563-569|共7页
  • 作者

    Samoilova E. S.; Kostina N. V.; Striganova B. R.;

  • 作者单位

    Russian Acad Sci, Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 119071, Russia;

    Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Soil Sci, Moscow 119991, Russia;

    Russian Acad Sci, Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 119071, Russia;

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