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Pterygoideus Muscles and Other Jaw Adductors in Amphibians and Reptiles

机译:两栖动物和爬行动物的翼龙肌肉和其他下颌内收肌

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摘要

The general structural patterns of jaw adductors in all orders of extant amphibians and reptiles, and also polypteriforms, crossopterygians (coelacanth), and dipnoans, are compared. The pterygoideus muscles probably developed independently and in parallel in gymnophions and amniotes from the profound pseudotemporalis muscle, which was present in their fishlike ancestors and was retained in caudate and anu-ran amphibians. The functional causes of the development of pterygoideus muscles in the majority of tetrapod groups and the absence of these muscles in Urodela and Anura are discussed. The anterior pterygoideus muscle of crocodiles is homologous to the pseudotemporalis (superficial) muscle of other reptiles.
机译:比较了现存的两栖动物和爬行动物,以及多翅目,cross翅目(腔棘鱼)和双足动物的下颌内收肌的一般结构模式。翼状muscle肉可能在深部的假颞肌中的肉食性动物和羊膜动物中独立且平行地发育,这些假颞肌存在于它们的鱼状祖先中,并保留在尾状和肛门类两栖动物中。讨论了在大多数四足动物群中翼状muscle肉肌肉发育的功能原因以及在乌罗代拉和阿努拉没有这些肌肉的原因。鳄鱼的前翼背肌与其他爬行动物的假颞肌(浅表肌)同源。

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