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首页> 外文期刊>Biology and Fertility of Soils >Effects of dicyandiamide, farmyard manure and irrigation on crop yields and ammonia volatilization from an alluvial soil under a rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system
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Effects of dicyandiamide, farmyard manure and irrigation on crop yields and ammonia volatilization from an alluvial soil under a rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system

机译：双氰胺，农家肥和灌溉对水稻（Oryza sativa L。）-小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）种植系统下冲积土壤作物产量和氨挥发的影响

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摘要

Volatilization of NH3 from soil is a major N-loss mechanism that reduces the efficiency of applied N fertilizers, and causes environmental pollution. Strategies are needed to reduce the loss. The influences of dicyandiamide (DCD), farmyard manure (FYM) and irrigation on NH3 volatilization from an alluvial soil in rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system was studied using the acid trap method. The loss of NH3 in the rice-wheat system ranged from 38.6 kg N ha–1 from the unfertilized soil to 69.0 kg N ha–1 in the treatment with urea+DCD. Substitution of 50% N provided through urea by FYM reduced NH3-N volatilization by 10% in rice and wheat as compared to the urea treatment. Application of DCD increased NH3 volatilization in wheat by 7% but in rice it had no effect. The irrigation level had no effect on NH3 volatilization in rice but fewer irrigations with fewer splits of N in wheat resulted in higher NH3 volatilization. Application of DCD and FYM with urea had similar effects on grain yield and N uptake by rice and wheat as that of the urea treatment. The study showed that integrated use of organic manure and chemical fertilizer has the potential to reduce the loss of N due to volatilization and thereby minimize environmental pollution. Nitrification inhibitors, which are reported to be useful in increasing the N-use efficiency by reducing the leaching and denitrification losses of N, however, may increase N loss due to volatilization.
机译：NH3 从土壤中的挥发是一种主要的氮流失机理，它降低了氮肥的施用效率，并造成环境污染。需要采取策略来减少损失。利用酸阱研究了双氰胺（DCD），农家肥（FYM）和灌溉对水稻（Oryza sativa L。）-小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）冲积土壤中NH3挥发的影响。方法。用尿素+ DCD处理的水稻-小麦系统中，NH3 的损失量从未施肥土壤的38.6 kg N ha-1 到69.0 kg N ha-1 。与尿素处理相比，FYM替代尿素提供的50％N可使水稻和小麦中NH3-N挥发减少10％。 DCD的施用使小麦中NH3的挥发增加了7％，而在水稻中则没有影响。灌溉水平对水稻中的NH3 挥发没有影响，但是较少的灌溉和小麦中的N分解较少会导致较高的NH3 挥发。 DCD和FYM与尿素一起施用对水稻和小麦的籽粒产量和氮素吸收的影响与尿素处理相似。研究表明，有机肥料和化肥的综合使用有可能减少由于挥发造成的氮素损失，从而最大程度地减少环境污染。据报道，硝化抑制剂可通过减少N的浸出和反硝化损失来提高N的利用效率，但是由于挥发会增加N的损失。

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