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Carbohydrate and nutrient composition of corn stover from three southeastern USA locations

机译：美国东南部三个地点的玉米秸秆的碳水化合物和营养成分

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摘要

Corn (Zea mays L.) stover has been identified as an important feedstock for bioenergy and bio-product production. Our objective was to quantify nutrient removal, carbohydrate composition, theoretical ethanol yield (TEY) for various stover fractions. In 2009, 2010, and 2011, whole-plant samples were collected from one field study in South Carolina (SC) and two in Alabama (AL). Soils at the SC site were classified as a Coxville/Rains-Goldboro-Lynchburg association, while those in AL were either Compass or Decatur. Plants were collected from two 1-m row segments, ears were removed and shelled. A portion of the remaining stalks were dried and ground to represent whole-plant stover. The remaining stalks were fractionated into stalk and leaf biomass from below the ear (bottom), stalk and leaf biomass from above the ear (top), cobs, and grain. A fifth sample representing "above-ear" biomass that might be collected mechanically was calculated using the weight ratios of the top and cob fractions. Carbohydrate and nutrient concentrations were estimated using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and TEY was calculated. The distribution of carbohydrates, nutrients, and TEY varied significantly among the corn stover fraction and research locations. This indicates that site-specific sampling and analysis should be used to optimize bioenergy and bio-product utilization of corn stover. However, at every location, the above-ear stover fractions were most desirable for cellulosic ethanol production. Furthermore, harvesting only above-ear stover fractions would reduce nutrient removal by 24-61% when compared to harvesting all stover biomass.
机译：玉米（Zea mays L.）秸秆被确定为生物能源和生物产品生产的重要原料。我们的目标是量化各种秸秆组分的营养去除率，碳水化合物组成和理论乙醇收率（TEY）。在2009年，2010年和2011年，从南卡罗来纳州（SC）的一项实地研究和阿拉巴马州（AL）的两项实地研究中收集了全植物样品。 SC站点的土壤被分类为Coxville / Rains-Goldboro-Lynchburg协会，而AL的土壤则是Compass或Decatur。从两个1米长的行段中收集植物，移去耳朵并去壳。将剩余的部分秸秆干燥并磨碎以代表整株秸秆。将剩余的茎从耳朵下方（底部）分为茎和叶生物量，从耳朵上方（顶部），穗轴和谷物分成茎和叶生物量。使用顶部馏分和玉米穗馏分的重量比，计算出代表可以机械收集的“上耳式”生物质的第五个样品。使用近红外光谱（NIRS）估算碳水化合物和营养物浓度，并计算TEY。碳水化合物，营养物质和TEY的分布在玉米秸秆馏分和研究地点之间差异很大。这表明应使用针对特定地点的采样和分析来优化玉米秸秆的生物能源和生物产品利用。但是，在每个位置，对于纤维素乙醇的生产，最需要上耳秸秆馏分。此外，与收获所有秸秆生物量相比，仅收获耳朵上方的秸秆部分可将营养去除率降低24-61％。

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  • 来源
    《Biomass & bioenergy》 |2016年第2期|153-158|共6页
  • 作者

    Spyridon Mourtzinis; Keri B. Cantrell; Francisco J. Arriaga; Kipling S. Balkcom; Jeff M. Novak; James R. Frederick; Douglas L. Karlen;

  • 作者单位

    Dept. of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, United States;

    USDA-ARS, Coastal Plains Soil, Water, and Plant Research Center, Florence, SC 29501, United States;

    Dept. of Soil Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, United States;

    National Soil Dynamics Research Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Auburn, AL 36832, United States;

    USDA-ARS, Coastal Plains Soil, Water, and Plant Research Center, Florence, SC 29501, United States;

    Clemson University, Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Florence, SC 29501, United States;

    USDA-ARS, National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, Ames, IA 50011, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Theoretical ethanol yield; Nutrient removal; Corn; Carbohydrates; Stover removal;

    机译：理论乙醇收率;营养去除;玉米;碳水化合物;去除残渣;

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