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Exposure to biological and chemical agents at biomass power plants

机译：接触生物质发电厂的生化试剂

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摘要

The increasing use and production of bioenergy means that the number of employees working in this area will inevitably grow, making it ever more important to know the health and safety issues involved in the biomass supply chain. Our aim was to determine the exposure of employees to biological and chemical agents during various work tasks at different biomass-fuelled power plants in Finland. The study included technical surveys on biomass operations and occupational measurements at three CHP plants. Workers' main health risks were bacteria and fungi, which were easily spread to the air during heavy biomass processes. The exposure levels of actinobacteria, bacterial endotoxins and fungi were high, especially during the unloading of peat and wood chips. In addition, workers were exposed to mechanical irritation caused by organic dust and chemical irritation caused by volatile organic compounds and components of diesel exhausts. Multiple exposures to these agents may simultaneously have synergistic health effects on workers' lower and upper respiratory tracts. During operations, workers were also exposed to endotoxins, actinobacteria and fungi, especially during the cleaning and handling of wood chips in silos and while working near screens or crushers. The measured concentrations exceeded the limit values proposed for these agents. The highest concentration of volatile organic compounds was found near conveyors. On the basis of these measurements, we suggested best practices for the power plants. The levels of biological agents in outdoor measurements reflected only low spreading of contaminants from power plants to the environment.
机译：生物能源使用和生产的增加意味着在该领域工作的员工人数将不可避免地增加，因此了解生物质供应链中涉及的健康和安全问题变得越来越重要。我们的目标是确定在芬兰不同的以生物质为燃料的发电厂进行各种工作任务期间，员工所接触的生物和化学试剂。该研究包括对三座热电联产厂的生物量操作和职业测量的技术调查。工人的主要健康风险是细菌和真菌，它们在生物质繁重的过程中很容易传播到空气中。放线菌，细菌内毒素和真菌的暴露水平很高，尤其是在卸载泥炭和木屑的过程中。此外，工人还受到有机粉尘引起的机械刺激，以及挥发性有机化合物和柴油机废气成分引起的化学刺激。多次接触这些物质可能同时对工人的上下呼吸道产生协同健康影响。在操作过程中，工人还暴露于内毒素，放线菌和真菌，尤其是在清洁和处理筒仓中的木屑以及在筛网或破碎机附近工作时。测得的浓度超过了对这些试剂提出的极限值。在传送带附近发现挥发性有机化合物的浓度最高。基于这些测量，我们建议了电厂的最佳实践。室外测量中的生物制剂含量仅反映了污染物从发电厂向环境的低扩散。

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  • 来源
    《Biomass & bioenergy》 |2016年第10期|78-86|共9页
  • 作者

    Sirpa Laitinen; Juha Laitinen; Leena Fagernaes; Kirsi Korpijaervi; Leena Korpinen; Kari Ojanen; Marjaleena Aatamila; Mika Jumpponen; Hanna Koponen; Jorma Jokiniemi;

  • 作者单位

    Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 310, FI-70101, Kuopio, Finland;

    Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 310, FI-70101, Kuopio, Finland;

    VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, PO Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland;

    VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, PO Box 1603, FI-40101, Jyvaeskylae, Finland;

    Tampere University of Technology, ELT, PO Box 692, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland;

    Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 310, FI-70101, Kuopio, Finland;

    Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 310, FI-70101, Kuopio, Finland;

    Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 310, FI-70101, Kuopio, Finland;

    University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland;

    University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Bioenergy; Power plants; Occupational hygiene; Exposure; Biological agents; Chemical compounds;

    机译：生物能源发电厂;职业卫生;接触;生物制剂;化学化合物;

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