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Carbon balance for wood production from sustainably managed forests

机译：可持续管理森林中木材生产的碳平衡

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This Short Communication Paper approaches the CO_2 emissions from forest biomass produced in sustainable managed forests from aspects related to photosynthesis and variations in vitality and capability of CO_2 uptake, depending on i.a. different rotation periods and management regimes. These aspects are ignored or diminished in most other analyses on the subject as those analyses typically are based on simplified rigidly structured models. This Short Communication Paper suggests application of more relevant methodologies closer to actual real conditions. Two CO_2 issues are covered; the CO_2 balance between growth and harvesting of biomass in sustainably managed forests, and combustion of woody biomass in comparison with fossil fuels with regard to CO_2 emissions. The analysis of the first issue leads to the conclusion that biomass harvested from sustainably managed forests should be regarded as "carbon neutral" as the vitality and CO_2 absorption is sustained and kept on the same (or better) level. Moreover, to transform old pristine forests to young vigorous forests would be an effective (long term) means of reducing atmospheric CO_2. Regarding the second issue, we notice that some other authors of papers on bioenergy claim that biomass would not be "climate neutral" when used for energy as, for generation of a given energy amount, more fixed carbon is released from biomass than from fossil fuels. In our opinion, authors of these papers apply obsolete, too general or sometimes illogical default values. This Short Communication Paper suggests that emissions from combustion of forest biomass should be compared with emissions from coal as it is the most common and relevant fuel to replace. Also additional emissions from mining/ harvesting, transport, leakage, etc. should be included both for biomass and for reference fuels like coal, gas, and oil. The comparison should also be based on state-of-the-art technology, which for biomass would mean i.a. flue-gas condensing and efficient fuel treatment Under these conditions, typical biomass applications for energy would be both carbon neutral and climate neutral.
机译：这份简短的交流论文从与光合作用，生命力和吸收CO_2的能力和吸收能力的变化有关的角度来探讨可持续经营林中产生的森林生物量产生的CO_2排放，具体取决于i.a.不同的轮换期限和管理制度。这些方面在大多数其他关于该主题的分析中被忽略或减少，因为这些分析通常基于简化的刚性结构模型。这份简短的交流论文建议采用更接近实际情况的相关方法。涵盖了两个CO_2问题。与CO_2排放相比，与化石燃料相比，可持续管理的森林中生物量的生长和收获与木质生物量的燃烧之间的CO_2平衡。对第一个问题的分析得出的结论是，从可持续经营的森林中收获的生物量应被视为“碳中和”，因为其活力和CO_2吸收得以维持并保持在相同（或更高）水平。此外，将原始原始森林改造为年轻的茂密森林将是减少大气中CO_2的有效（长期）手段。关于第二个问题，我们注意到有关生物能源论文的其他一些作者声称，生物质用于能源时不会“气候中性”，因为对于给定的能源量，生物质比化石燃料释放出更多的固定碳。 。我们认为，这些论文的作者采用了过时的，过于笼统的或有时不合逻辑的默认值。这份简短的交流文件建议将森林生物质燃烧产生的排放与煤炭排放进行比较，因为煤炭是最常见且最相关的燃料。此外，对于生物质以及参考燃料（如煤，天然气和石油），还应包括采矿/收割，运输，泄漏等产生的额外排放。比较也应该基于最先进的技术，对于生物质而言，这意味着烟气冷凝和有效的燃料处理在这些条件下，能源的典型生物质应用将是碳中性和气候中性的。

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