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Using rye as cover crop for bioenergy production: An environmental and economic assessment

机译：使用黑麦作为生物能源生产的覆盖作物：环境和经济评估

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摘要

The use of cover crops (CCs) during winter can improve the structure and water retention capacity of the soil. Additionally, the harvested CCs could be used as substrate in an anaerobic digestion (AD) plant. This paper aims at assessing the environmental and economic consequences of planting rye as a winter CC (after maize) and its use as co-substrate in an AD plant (Rye scenario) instead of leaving the land fallow during winter and use solely maize for co-digestion with manure (NoRye scenario). The life cycle assessment (LCA) of 1 MJ of produced bioenergy (36% electricity and 64% heat) shows significant benefits for marine eutrophication for the Rye scenario due to reductions in nitrate leaching. However, the lower specific yield of rye and the biogas potential for the Rye scenario resulted in higher total impacts on climate change and resource depletion (higher use of machinery and infrastructures for 1 MJ of produced bioenergy), as compared to the use of maize in the NoRye scenario. Based on the analysis, possible methodological improvements are highlighted, in particular for the simulation of field emissions and regionalization of impacts. From an economic point-of-view, planting rye during winter could generate additional revenues for the farmer. However, the calculation incorporates large uncertainties, linked mainly to price volatility, seasonal weather conditions (and related yield variations), and to the possible influence of CCs on the summer crop yield. In conclusion, this paper presents a first overview of the sustainability performances of using rye as a CC for energy purposes.
机译：冬季使用覆盖作物（CCs）可以改善土壤的结构和保水能力。此外，收获的CC可用作厌氧消化（AD）植物的底物。本文旨在评估将黑麦用作冬季CC（玉米后）及其在AD植物中作为共底物使用的环境和经济后果（Rye情景），而不是在冬季离开土地休耕并仅将玉米用作玉米-用粪便消化（NoRye方案）。 1 MJ产生的生物能源（36％的电力和64％的热量）的生命周期评估（LCA）显示，由于硝酸盐浸出的减少，对于黑麦来说，海洋富营养化具有显着优势。但是，与在黑麦中使用玉米相比，黑麦情景中较低的黑麦单产和沼气潜力导致对气候变化和资源枯竭（对1 MJ产生的生物能源的机械和基础设施使用更多）的总体影响更大。 NoRye场景。在分析的基础上，重点介绍了可能的方法改进，特别是在模拟现场排放和影响区域化方面。从经济的角度来看，在冬季种植黑麦可以为农民增加收入。但是，该计算包含了很大的不确定性，主要与价格波动，季节性天气条件（以及相关的单产变化）以及CCs对夏季作物单产的可能影响有关。总之，本文首先概述了使用黑麦作为能源用途的CC的可持续性表现。

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  • 来源
    《Biomass & bioenergy》 |2016年第12期|116-123|共8页
  • 作者

    Elorri Igos; Katarzyna Golkowska; Daniel Koster; Bram Vervisch; Enrico Benetto;

  • 作者单位

    Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN), 5, av. des Hauts-Foumeaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;

    Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN), 5, av. des Hauts-Foumeaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;

    Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN), 5, av. des Hauts-Foumeaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;

    Inagro vzw, Ieperseweg 87, B- 8800 Rumbeke-Beitem, Belgium;

    Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN), 5, av. des Hauts-Foumeaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Cover crops; Harvest; Bioenergy; Life cycle assessment; Costs; Maize-rye rotation;

    机译：覆盖作物;收获生物能源生命周期评估;费用;玉米黑麦轮作;

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