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首页> 外文期刊>Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering >Lignocellulose degrading extremozymes produced by Pichia pastoris: current status and future prospects
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Lignocellulose degrading extremozymes produced by Pichia pastoris: current status and future prospects

机译：毕赤酵母产生的降解木质纤维素的极端酶：现状和未来展望

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摘要

In this review article, extremophilic lignocellulosic enzymes with special interest on xylanases, beta-mannanases, laccases and finally cellulases, namely, endoglucanases, exoglucanases and beta-glucosidases produced by Pichia pastoris are reviewed for the first time. Recombinant lignocellulosic extremozymes are discussed from the perspectives of their potential application areas; characteristics of recombinant and native enzymes; the effects of P. pastoris expression system on recombinant extremozymes; and their expression levels and applied strategies to increase the enzyme expression yield. Further, effects of enzyme domains on activity and stability, protein engineering via molecular dynamics simulation and computational prediction, and site-directed mutagenesis and amino acid modifications done are also focused. Superior enzyme characteristics and improved stability due to the proper post-translational modifications and better protein folding performed by P. pastoris make this host favourable for extremozyme production. Especially, glycosylation contributes to the structure, function and stability of enzymes, as generally glycosylated enzymes produced by P. pastoris exhibit better thermostability than non-glycosylated enzymes. However, there has been limited study on enzyme engineering to improve catalytic efficiency and stability of lignocellulosic enzymes. Thus, in the future, studies should focus on protein engineering to improve stability and catalytic efficiency via computational modelling, mutations, domain replacements and fusion enzyme technology. Also metagenomic data need to be used more extensively to produce novel enzymes with extreme characteristics and stability.
机译：在这篇综述文章中，首次对木聚糖酶，β-甘露聚糖酶，漆酶和最终纤维素酶特别感兴趣的极端嗜热木质纤维素酶，即巴斯德毕赤酵母产生的内切葡聚糖酶，外切葡聚糖酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶。从其潜在的应用领域的角度讨论了重组木质纤维素极端酶。重组和天然酶的特性；巴斯德毕赤酵母表达系统对重组极端酶的影响；及其表达水平和提高酶表达产量的应用策略。此外，还关注酶结构域对活性和稳定性，通过分子动力学模拟和计算预测进行的蛋白质工程以及定点诱变和氨基酸修饰的影响。由于适当的翻译后修饰和巴斯德毕赤酵母进行的更好的蛋白质折叠，卓越的酶特性和提高的稳定性使该宿主有利于产生极端酶。特别地，糖基化有助于酶的结构，功能和稳定性，因为通常由巴斯德毕赤酵母产生的糖基化酶显示出比非糖基化酶更好的热稳定性。然而，关于酶工程以改善木质纤维素酶的催化效率和稳定性的研究有限。因此，将来，研究应集中在蛋白质工程上，以通过计算建模，突变，结构域置换和融合酶技术来提高稳定性和催化效率。同样，宏基因组学数据需要更广泛地用于产生具有极端特性和稳定性的新型酶。

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