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Energy and environmental payback times for an NZEB retrofit

机译：NZEB改造的能源和环境投资回收时间

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摘要

As of 2021 all new buildings within the European Union will be nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB). Different plans are being promoted by member states to reach this goal, to increase the number of NZEBs and to facilitate the retrofit of existing constructions. Within this frame, several analyses of cost benefits have been developed to evaluate the economic effectiveness of retrofit interventions. The economic analysis can be extended to the energy and environmental fields introducing various indicators, such as energy and environmental payback times, to describe the effectiveness of the retrofit intervention from a more extensive point of view.In this paper, we considered a school building located in Turin (Northern Italy) with the scope of evaluating the energy and carbon payback times of different retrofit scenarios that could be implemented for the existing building. An optimal cost retrofit and two NZEB retrofits were considered, varying envelope insulation, heat generation and lighting systems, shading and control devices. First, we simulated the building's energy consumption and calibrated the results with data from actual energy bills. The calibrated model was used for evaluation of the building's energy demand after the proposed retrofit interventions. We then applied the Life Cycle-Analysis (LCA) for the calculation of environmental payback times. The results showed that the NZEB retrofit produces energy and environmental payback times that are shorter than the life cycle of the building. In the foreseeable future, solutions such as these could prove effective in addressing issues that arise from global warming and energy supply.
机译：到2021年，欧盟内部的所有新建筑物将接近零能耗建筑物（NZEB）。成员国正在推动不同的计划以实现该目标，增加NZEB的数量并促进现有建筑的改造。在此框架内，已经进行了成本收益分析，以评估改造干预措施的经济有效性。可以将经济分析扩展到能源和环境领域，引入各种指标（例如能源和环境的投资回收期），从更广泛的角度描述改造干预的有效性。在都灵（意大利北部）进行评估，评估范围包括可对现有建筑物实施的各种改造方案的能源和碳回收时间。考虑了最佳成本改造和两次NZEB改造，改变了封套绝缘，热量产生和照明系统，遮阳和控制设备。首先，我们模拟了建筑物的能耗，并使用实际电费单中的数据对结果进行了校准。提出的改造措施之后，将校准后的模型用于评估建筑物的能源需求。然后，我们将生命周期分析（LCA）应用于环境投资回收期的计算。结果表明，NZEB改造产生的能源和环境投资回收期短于建筑物的生命周期。在可预见的将来，诸如此类的解决方案可以有效解决全球变暖和能源供应引起的问题。

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