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Experimental variation of the personal exposure in a hospital room influenced by wall heat gains

机译：受壁热增加影响的医院病房个人暴露的实验变化

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Homogenous indoor temperature of the walls in hospital rooms may be a difficult condition to be reached. Solar radiation increases heat loads in building walls, especially glazed walls, increasing their superficial temperature. This paper aims to investigate the influence of a wall heat gain, simulated experimentally by a radiant wall (RW), on the distribution of indoor exhaled contaminants and therefore the exposure to a person. An experimental setup of a single hospital room is considered with a patient in repose (PR) being the source of exhaled contaminants, and a health worker (HW) standing and being the exposed person. Four different positions of HW relative to PR and RW are studied. The experiments are carried out using 6 and 12 air changes per hour (ACH) and with active and inactive RW, simulating sunny and shaded conditions of an external wall. The concentration of exhaled contaminants is measured in the microenvironment and the inhalation of HW. The exposure of HW to the exhaled contaminants is compared for a total of 16 experiments. Results show that wall heat gains significantly change the distribution of exhaled contaminants. RW active generates "clean" and "polluted" areas of exhaled contaminants at both sides of the bed that changes when using 6 or 12 ACH. Moreover, with RW active, the use of 12 ACH not always leads to a decrease of HW exposure. The intake fraction, IF, is a more suitable index than the personal exposure, einh, since illustrates the dilution of inhaled contaminants respect to the source.
机译：可能很难达到病房内墙壁的均匀室内温度。太阳辐射会增加建筑物墙壁（尤其是玻璃幕墙）中的热负荷，从而提高其表面温度。本文旨在研究通过辐射墙（RW）实验模拟的墙面热量获取对室内呼出污染物分布的影响，以及由此对人的暴露的影响。考虑了一个单一病房的实验设置，其中患者处于静止状态（PR），是呼出污染物的来源，而医务工作者（HW）站立并且是暴露的人。研究了硬件相对于PR和RW的四个不同位置。该实验使用每小时6次和12次换气（ACH）以及主动和非主动RW进行，以模拟外墙的晴天和阴暗条件。在微环境和HW吸入中测量呼出污染物的浓度。总共对16个实验比较了HW对呼出的污染物的暴露程度。结果表明，壁热量的增加显着改变了呼出污染物的分布。 RW活性剂会在床的两侧产生“干净”和“污染”的呼出污染物区域，这些区域在使用6或12 ACH时会发生变化。此外，在激活RW的情况下，使用12 ACH并不总是会减少HW暴露。摄入分数IF是比个人暴露量einh更合适的指标，因为它说明了吸入污染物相对于来源的稀释程度。

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