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Investigation of indoor air quality determinants in a field study using three different data streams

机译：使用三个不同的数据流在田间研究中调查室内空气质量决定因素

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Indoor air quality (IAQ) is determined by indoor and outdoor sources and conditions, building characteristics, and occupant behavior. In the field study context where the researcher lacks full control of observational conditions, it is difficult to compare and integrate these determinants because they require such different types and sources of data. This pilot-level project investigated the potential to overcome these limitations by integrating traditional IAQ measurement techniques with questionnaires and analysis of building deficiencies using 3D infrared thermography imaging in two residential multi-apartment buildings. Of the building deficiencies detected by the 3D thermography, missing insulation (MI) correlated best with the IAQ measurements and questionnaire data. Apartments missing more than 5% of insulation in their exterior wall (n=6) had a significantly higher number concentration of ultrafine airborne particles (diameter 300 nm) (p=0.013) and their indoor/outdoor ratio (p=0.029) compared to apartments where less than 5% of insulation was missing (n=14). The correlation was driven by apartments where no smoking or use candles or incense was reported. Ultrafine particle concentrations in apartments with combustion sources were higher regardless of the levels of MI. Corner apartments had a higher fraction of MI compared to non-corner apartments (p=0.002); higher levels of MI were detected in apartments where a resident had an asthma attack in the past 12 months. Our data suggest that integration of different data streams produces a more informative IAQ investigation. This pilot-level study should be performed on a larger scale to examine its wider applicability in the IAQ field.
机译：室内空气质量（IAQ）由室内和室外的来源和条件，建筑特征和乘员行为决定。在研究人员缺乏对观察条件的完全控制的现场研究环境中，很难比较和整合这些决定因素，因为它们需要不同的数据类型和数据源。该试点项目研究了通过将传统的IAQ测量技术与问卷进行集成并使用3D红外热成像技术对两栋住宅多栋公寓楼中的建筑物进行缺陷分析来克服这些限制的潜力。在3D热像仪检测到的建筑物缺陷中，绝热材料（MI）的缺失与IAQ测量和问卷数据的相关性最好。与外墙相比，隔热层缺失超过5％的公寓（n = 6）与空气中的超细颗粒物（直径<300 nm）相比，浓度显着更高（p = 0.013），室内/室外比（p = 0.029）明显更高到缺少5％的隔热材料的公寓（n = 14）。相关性是由没有吸烟，未使用蜡烛或熏香的公寓驱动的。无论MI水平如何，带有燃烧源的公寓中的超细颗粒浓度都较高。与非转角公寓相比，转角公寓的MI比例更高（p = 0.002）；在过去12个月中居民患有哮喘发作的公寓中检测到较高的MI水平。我们的数据表明，不同数据流的集成会产生更丰富的IAQ调查。该试验性研究应在更大范围内进行，以检查其在室内空气质量领域的广泛适用性。

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