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Comparison of analysis methods for wind-driven cross ventilation through large openings

机译：大开口风交叉通风的分析方法比较

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Simplified engineering models are essential to design and control natural ventilation, yet there are not many theories that can predict cross ventilation with reasonable accuracy. Models based on the orifice equation are known to be inadequate for large openings, but there is no precise definition of the large opening. In this paper, we show that it is not just the opening size but also the wind angles that affect the prediction accuracy of the orifice based equations. The mass flow rate predicted by CFD simulations is within 10% of the flow rate predicted by the orifice equations with sealed body pressure coefficients as long as the total pressure drop in the presence of openings is nearly equal to the static pressure drop in cases with no openings. The total pressure drop in the presence of openings when the openings are aligned to the wind, i.e. when wind can pass directly through two openings, is smaller than the static pressure drop in cases with no openings. If the wind is angled, and the entering wind cannot pass undisturbed through the outlet because of the building walls, the total pressure drop will not be much smaller than the static pressure drop of the sealed building. In this condition, the orifice equation can still be used, even for porosities of up to 50%. However, when the wind can pass undisturbed between two opposite openings, the orifice based equations are not adequate, even for a porosity as small as 6%.
机译：简化的工程模型对于设计和控制自然通风至关重要，但没有多少理论可以合理预测横向通风。已知基于孔口方程式的模型不足以用于大开口，但是没有精确定义大开口。在本文中，我们表明，影响孔口方程的预测精度的不仅是开口尺寸，还包括风角。 CFD模拟所预测的质量流率，应为带密封体压力系数的孔板方程所预测的流率的10％以内，只要在不存在开口的情况下总压降几乎等于静压降即可。开口。当开口与风对齐时，即当风可以直接通过两个开口时，存在开口的总压降小于没有开口的情况下的静压降。如果风是成角度的，并且由于建筑物的墙壁，进入的风不能不受干扰地通过出口，那么总压降将不会比密封建筑物的静压降小很多。在这种情况下，即使孔隙率高达50％，仍然可以使用节流孔方程。但是，当风可以不受干扰地在两个相对的开口之间通过时，基于孔口的方程式就不足够了，即使孔隙率低至6％。

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